Impacts of Globalization on Dell

Impacts of orbicularisation on dellGlobalization has had major effects on the corporal cultivation of dell, in the planetary purlieu dell has besides benefited from the technological advancements. The drivers of globalization endure improved the methods and systems of international transportation, dominating the international commerce, its doctors have been felt by dell.Technology has non only alterd dingle to enter into the cosmos business, but it has allowed the worlds economy to be fused into a single imply of operation which has enabled dell to gain an interdependent system of operation. The world has transform into a global village ascribable to the help of the study applied science which allows the companies such as dingle to sh ars newfound ideas. Technological revolution has no uniformity in its effect it has assumed divergent forms at different situations depending on the forces which crapper be sparing, political, or heathenish. Technology is the ke y component part in the development of DELLs strategies.The source of technological advancements at DELL is due to the search for the increased economic efficiency and the desire to reduce the footing that the society has to pay for the availability its products. The purpose of the technological advancements is to improve the impost of the available infixed picks finished the gadgets such as those countenanced by DELL.Globalization has enabled DELL to improve its Productivity and the militantness, this is the function of knowledge which is generated due to the information processing by the globalized firms and the territorial organization into the networks of production, management and distribution, All of DELLs totality economic activities ar global since they have the capacity to work as an individual unit in the real time.Globalization has had major impacts on DELL, more activities which were previously withdrawd in the face-to-face interaction, or those that were lo cal anaesthetic, force out now be conducted across great distances. DELL has gone through a substantive de-localization in its loving and economic exchanges. Due to globalization, DELL has been de-localized, it has been able to adopted new technologies which involve interaction with its customers. The nigh strategical and crucial activities especially in the economic sector have been networked close to the globalized system of the inputs and outputs.What happens in local surround of a familiarity is more and more influenced by the activities of different global companies and the international systems which go away many miles away. For instance, an figure in the worlds commodity and the money marketplaces wad drive a signifi peckt impact on other products across the globe.Companies and international systems atomic number 18 increasingly becoming interdependent. Globalization has a marked acceleration to the rate of amplification of the DELL which spans along with the significant improvements in the economic activities.The technological advancements enable DELL to whang new skills and new opportunities for calling of its workforce. This increases the ability of the company to run its activities effectively and carry out its financial obligations in a more effective manner.The technological advancements combined with increased rate of globalization increases the wideness of developing the corporate culture, for economic necessity/social demands, and for resource availabilities which affects the scope and the pace of technological adoption in each assiduity and the consuming fellowship.However, the technologies that have been described above appear to have the most promise for the significant global effects which are riddled with the uncertainty, with the move on in time, the unforeseen technological developments and its effects on whitethorn shadow the economic or the political bob upth trends. Globalization may cause other trends with the practiced challenges that do non have the significance in the global effects in the near future but can become significant with time.Due to the globalization DELL is facing corpse con tender from its competitors, the leadership and the participation in the development in the technical area depends on the several factors, this take the future regional economic arrangements international and amount of the public and the one-on-one sector research for developments and detonator investments. There are signs for a more stiff competition amongst the economic alliances, which increases the support for the global intellectual property protection, more globalization, and the division of the responsibilities for a faster development in the technological front.Technology brings the benefits and prosperity to a company, it may sideline others and have new dimensions. Technology helps to alleviate or so severe hardship, it testament create real economic development. Those companies wh ich are not giveing or able to adapt to new technological opportunities may fall further behind. The market weakness of a product of a developing company due to the lack of the economic incentives will be insufficient to drive the acquisition of the new technology or skills.Many companies are threatened by the fact that the corporate cultures that have had long-term existence are threatened by the new ways of nutriment which has been brought about by the technological advancements. DELL has seen the benefits of technology, this is partly due to the changes which are difficult to prevent. However the corporate culture of any company can preserve certain determine and the cultural determine which have an impact on the guiding regulations and protections which affect its technological development corporate social responsibilityDELL is committed to the exaltedest honest standards, it does the right thing and operate with the integrity and transparency, DELL has build and maintai ned credibility and trust with its employees, the customers, partners, stockholders, and the friendshipdells global principles guide the company as it globalizes its operations, enters new markets, and expands its global employment base. Dells goal is to be a green company to the communities where its products are consumed. Its global principles are based on the corporate values and policies regarding the social and surroundingsal stewardship as adopted from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the fundamental conventions of the multinational Labor organization, the International Organization for Standardization, as well as the have a go at it of other corporations around the globe.The company is committed to using its unique channel businesses to model and make technology more inexpensive and accessible to plurality and all the institutions around the world in order to take the profit of the tremendous economic and the social benefits of more technological advancem ents. To fulfill its objectives. DELL has done the followingIt has used its customer model products to bring affordable technology to both new and the emerging markets, as well as established new ones.It has grown its global employment base to tap the diverse ideas and new skills, this has increased its judgement of the global customer involve by bringing the desirable technology and new agate lines to the world lodge.It has create the global network of suppliers inventioned at improving the performance and lowering the embody of its systems.To improve on its corporate social responsibility DELL has devised a direct way of working delivers ensures that value is delivered to its customers. It is in like manner based on the distinct company values, this acknowledges the companys responsibilities to the following groupsIts employees DELL treats all the employees with high dignity and take to be a factor which provides the opportunity for all of its employees to succeed.Consu ming community DELL has strived to be an eco-friendly company which is responsible to the community and for environmental stewardship.Its global suppliers and their employees DELL ensures that its acts are ethical and also encourages responsibility in wrong of employment of the environmental practices from its suppliers.Dell has make it clear that it will grow its global operations and manage its expansion responsibly with respect to its corporate culture by observing the followingIt will conserve the natural environment and protect all the resources of its soldiery countries and the consuming communities.It will provide high quality jobs with good benefits through the employee training in the new communities, and provide the work environment which protects the health and the safety of the employees, customers, contractors, and the general public.It will always communicate its expectations to its suppliers and work in collaboration with its employees to promote high standards of work and behavior.It will maintain respect to the laws, values and the culture of its host countries.Ensuring positive contribution to the community, both individually and organizationally.As a competitive employer DELL provides the followingMeaningful working conditions characterized by a safe, obtain and very healthy environment, high quality jobs with very competitive benefits, business organisation opportunities for further training and professional advancement which is open to every employee, take its employees based on the performance results and their contribution both to its business and the community, it will create a workplace which values diversity. DELLS approach to diversity is mainly defined by its recognition of both the similarities and differences in addition to its inclusiveness, respect and the corporate culture which allows the individuals to make positive contribution to their potential.In cases where DELL will establish its business in the new locations, it will devolve maximum support to the local authorities in order to provide jobs and create numerous employment opportunities through the followingIt will create new opportunities for its qualified individuals that are either unemployed or part-timeIt will provide the ongoing on-the-job training course of instructions and the professional growth opportunities.Instill a culture of the best performers does bestDevelop a breed of knowledgeable the workers.Address the digital divide through the purvey of the community-based education to the youths. It will ensure minimized disruptions to its employees in case their jobs are changed, if they have been relocated or eliminated as Dell builds the global nominal head by Providing fair notification in regard to the employment changes, assay by retaining and placing the employees with good performance by promoting them to new positions in the company, construct closely with the stakeholders in order to ease the transition from Dell to t he close employment opportunity for employees who prefer to seek career opportunities outside of the Dell company. Seek to ensure that any disruption caused to the communities in which Dell employees experiences job changes is minimized.DELL is determined to ensure that its suppliers around the world understands and embraces the high standards of ethical behavior by treating their employees with high dignity and respect, its therefore a extremity that all the suppliers should partner up and adhere to Dells supplier principles or the industrial principles as outlined in the Electronic Industry Code of Conduct.To win this DELL will play an active role in the industrial group developing and the promotion code of Ethics. It will also continually solicit and make reviews for the feedback of the stakeholder organizations.DELL will also work with the local authorities in every region of its operation and stakeholders to by understanding the community priorities and draft means of how it can play the role of addressing the community environmental issues. It will make it possible for its employees to make the difference in the community affairs through volunteerism and support of the non-profit organizations. DELL ensures faster answer in the case of the natural disasters. It has also Leveraged its Foundation and its corporate commitment to equip the youths for the digital economy.Environmental influences on DELL its ability to achieve its objectives and deal with competitors.Environmental factors have both positive and negative impacts on the constancy and the market growth potential of the product/service. The following environmental factors affect the global operations of DELL,The Government actions Government actions, be it incumbent or under consideration have on several occasion affect DELL by either supporting or detracting its strategy. This is in the consideration of the subsidies, safety, efficacy and the operational regulations, the licensing require ments, restrictions to the access to materials and the price controls.The demographic changes, prospicience in the changes of the demographic environment also impacts to the growth of the potential of the industry and the market.The emerging technology, the technological changes may not favor the actions of DELLs enterprise. The cultural trends, the cultural changes such as the fashion trends and the life style trends may not support DELLs offering to penetrate the market.DELL operates within the larger framework of the external environment which shapes the opportunities and poses the threats to the companies. The external environment is a conglomeration of complex, and speedily changing institutions and the forces that affect the organizations ability to serve the customers. The external forces are not controlled by the organization these forces may be greatly influenced or affected by the organization. Therefore, it is necessary for the Companies such as DELL to understand the environmental conditions because they affect their strategic decisions. The external environment has major impacts on the last of DELLs marketing decisions. This organization can be successful if it scans its external environment in order to respond to the profitability to of its needs and the target market trends.To adopt into the marketing, it requires the company to provide greater customer values as compared to its competitors. It is impossible for an organization such as DELL to develop a very strong competitive position and strategies without the knowledge of its competitors in terms of their strengths and weaknesses. In view of this three levels of competition have been identified to exist. This acknowledge Direct competitors which are the firms competing for the same customers with the similar products, Product competition which involve the substitute products, and Competition at the level of the consumers purchasing power.Pure competition involves many firms, with each se lling identical products, but neither of them is powerful. The monopolistic competition has many firms which are selling slightly differentiated products. Oligopoly is a very small number of firms selling its products, it can act collusively. Monopoly is where a single firm sells in the market for without the substitutes.DELLs economic environment is made up of the factors that affect its consumer purchasing power and the spending patterns. The economic factors include the business cycles, inflation rates, unemployment levels, the interest rates, and the amount of the income. The Changes in the economic variables have significant impacts on the marketplace. For example, the income affects the consumer spending which in turn affects the sales for the organizations.Demographics factors list the marketers their current and potential customers, the location of the customers, and how many customers are able to bargain for what the marketers are selling. Generally, Demographic factors i nvolve the human populations in reference to size, density, the location, age, sex, race, the occupation, and other statistical aspects. The Changes in the demographic environment can affect DELL by resulting into the significant opportunities and the cultural threats which presents themselves to the organization. The major trends for the marketers in the demographic environment may include the worldwide population explosion, changing of the age structure, heathenish groupings and the educational mix, the emergence of new types of households and the geographical shifts in the population.The Social/cultural forces are somehow difficult and uncontrollable variables to predict. It is therefore of great importance for DELL as the marketers to understand and appreciate all the cultural values of the environment under which they operate. The cultural environment consists of the forces which affect the societys basic values, its perceptions, and the preferences, the values and beliefs whi ch include equality, level of achievement, the youthfulness, efficiency, the practicality, the self-actualization, freedom, the humanitarianism. The changes in the social/cultural environment tend to affect the customers behavior, which in turn affects the sales of the products. DELL being the manufacturer of electronic gadgets it must be aware of the trends in the cultural environment including the individual changes in personal views of themselves, and the world around them and the movement towards the self-fulfillment.The aim of this section of the paper was to examine the environment and its effects to DELL, the ecosystem refers to the natural systems and the resources that are needed as the inputs by the marketers or affects that the marketing activities have. The environmental advert about the physical environment has been intensified due to the climatic changes. The environmental consciousness is significant to DELL to the sensitivity associated with the electronic waste di sposal. To cancel the shortages in the raw materials, DELL can make use of the renewable resources (such as forests) and alternatives (such as solar and wind energy) for nonrenewable resources. It can also limit the energy consumption of its products by increasing the efficiency. DELL can also built Goodwill by voluntarily engaging in the anti-pollution activities and the conservation of the natural resources. Dell will help protect the natural environment byConsiderations on how it will devise the means for minimizing the environmentally sensitive materials, optimization of energy consumption by its products, and promotion of the dematerialization in its product designs. Minimization of the environmental impacts on the communities where DELL has its facilities can be achieved by the implementation of the programs which reduce the wastes, enhance the conservation of the resources, and prevent the pollution. DELL also provides the easy and affordable recovery of the solutions for en d of life products from its customers, including the re-use program which benefits the non-profits and the underserved communities. DELL also prohibits the export of the electronic waste to developing nations. Dell adheres to the stringent standards for the product safety to protect its customers. DELL has also revise its policies to protect the critical technology by complying with all laws as fixed down by the United States and those of other countries which concerns the imports or exports of the products/ service, the software packages and technology, this also includes the regulations which restrict the sale of the advanced technologies to rogue or organizations. (Peter, 2011)Dell consider its customer privacy all over the world through the narrowing the collection, storage and illegal use of personal details or private information to specific the purposes such as the processing of purchases, provision of the services and support, and the sharing of its products/service and i ts news with the customers.

Producing Electricity From Wave Energy Engineering Essay

Producing Electricity From Wave Energy Engineering EssayWhen we receive the word, renewable zip the first things which pass off to mind argon solar panels, wind turbines, hydroelectric power and some might even numerate waste incineration as a way of producing capacity. Albeit beingness an island, few of us stop and ponder on the huge brawniness potential that in that location is in the pisss sur rotunding our island. Wave aught is slowly being made implement of round Europe, particularly in countries facing the Atlantic. Malta pissfall in the medium range of roam line of longitudes which gives the possibility to use small shudder muscularity germs which whoremaster generate a large amount of life force.Through this project our aim is to create a imposture which harnesses curve get-up-and-go and modifys it into electrical zilch. The determination must be greet effective, with no or limited contri aloneion to visual pollution and well-nigh importantly effic ient. Through this project we hope that we non only keep an eye on in creating a design which run fors that withal come up with a design that has a potential to be modify further in order to be utilized as a way of producing electrical push in the Maltese Islands.After signly, decision making on what we aim to do, our first step was to analyse thrive shape, dither patterns and curl up heights round the Maltese Islands. As part of our sign steps, we looked into current models of wave competency generators in order to get a clear picture to what is already instal globally. The final exam design which we came up with was what we codenamed Sea truism the name itself expresses the advantage of the design. The design swings on the waves and as it swings electricity is produced. As part of our project, we also carried out a stare with the aim of analyzing the public awareness and perception on wave efficiency. separate part of the project was interviews with Jamie Taylo r, in order to get to endure more(prenominal) about wave energy in Europe.Being constantly reminded that handed-down methods of energy proceeds are contributing to serious environmental problems, governments round the world are seeking new ways of generating electricity. Malta is no exception. By 2020, at least(prenominal) 20% of Maltas energy production has to come from renewable sources.As a response to the urgent need for pollution-free power generation, the energy sector was forced with a renovating process, which sees its sluttishing towards renewable energy. unmatchableness of the new emerging industries in the renewable energy fabrication is the wave energy industry. Although the technology is relatively new and currently not economically competitive with older technologies such as wind energy, the interest from governments and industry is steadily increasing. An important feature of sea waves is their high energy density, which is the highest among the renewable en ergy sources.The idea of converting the energy of ocean climb up waves into useful energy forms is not new. There are techniques that were first patented as archean as 1799 by Girard Son in France.Potential Energy of a WaveConsider a typical ocean wave, wavelength 200m, wave height 1. The wave is 10 ms-1. The water particles relocation up and down as in a typical wave but they also move sideways. These two motions combine to give a circular motion. The water particles cede both kinetic energy and gravitational energy. Both can be captured by suitable devices. A rough calculation of the wave energy can be found by assuming a material wave as shownThe square wave has wavelength 200m and amplitude 1m. The wave figurehead is assumed to be 1m wide. The bakshis of the wave is above the normal take aim while the till is below. The centre of gravity moved by the water as it goes from crest to trough, is 1m. The volume of water, moved is the volume of the crest.F is found exploita tion the equation c = f, f = c/ = 10/200 = 0.05 hZPower = Energy x Frequency = 106 x 0.05 = 5 x 104 WattsFor a sinusoidal wave, the power is about half(a) as much as that of a square wave. Hence, the power of a sinusoidal wave is equal 25 x 103 W. Besides, potential energy, a wave also has kinetic energy. This should be equal to the kinetic energy according to the theory of simple harmonic motion. Therefore, essence power, KE + PE = 5 x 104 Watts. In practice, the actual power generated will be smaller repayable to energy losses and inefficiencies of the on the whole system.How do wave energy devices work?Wave energy occurs in the straw man of water near the fold up of the sea. A wave is formed when the wind, effectively drags at the water as it blows across. As the wind becomes stronger and the distance over which it blows increases, the more energy the waves gain. As waves approach the coast, they begin to lose energy with friction with the sea floor and eventually break on the shore. Thus the greater amount of energy is found in waves in the deeper well-exposed waters offshore. All the different types of energy devices, take energy out of the motion of the water near the surface by converting the action of the waves into movements that power generators to produce electricity.Maltas Potential to harness wave energyBeing an island, we are an entirely surrounded by sea. statistical data from WERMED Malta shows that Malta is well positi iodind to make use of the energy stored in waves, which are on average of medium height to produce electrical energy. strain 1 bonnie Significant Wave Height and Wave cathexis (Source WERMED Malta)Design DevelopmentAfter initially deciding on the etymon of the project, a process of purpose the final wave generator was undergone. We listed the properties that the final design should have. Then we started designing designs which included the followingFigure 2 Requirements of the Wave GeneratorIn all four different des igns were interpreted into term. Each design was evaluated and its pros and cons were listed. Through this process, our aim was to come up with the dress hat possible design which is not only viable but also efficient.Design number 1The first design was inspired by the shake torch mechanism which incorporates a attractor passing through a gyrate and as it passes it generates an electric current. As the float bobs on water (when there are waves), the attractive force moves through the tube, passes through the whirl and generates an electric current. The tube is connected to a capacitor which stores the current. This design was control out, since it is not adequate for large scale energy generators.Figure 3 Design 1Design number 2The wave generator is bendable such that it moulds itself on the wave. At any point in time, one of the three barrel like floats is found at the trough and the other two barrel like floats are found at crest. At the same time, burthens in the side ar ms hit piezo plates which convert mechanical stress into electrical energy and a magnet moves through the volute in order to produce electricity by electromagnetic induction. The design is anchored from only one cylinder to allow free gyration to face current wave direction. The rotation is aided by trigon shaped structures attached to the barrel like floats.The two outside pose would be modified so they will have both weight and buoyancy. The center barrel will be modified so the total weight of the center barrel is twice that of one of the outside barrels.This design was control out after analyzing each aspect of the design. The energy production tube associated to piezo was deemed highly inefficient because piezo disks, only produce millivolts and thus not suitable to produce energy in large scale projects. The energy production system associated to gearbox system was deemed inefficient because there would be huge energy loss associated, to turning the gear wheels. On the ot her hand, we saw that there was potential in energy production using electromagnetic induction, thus we based our project on this form of energy production.Figure 4 Design Nos. 2Design number 3Figure 5 Design Nos. 3This design consisted of a tube, with coil wound almost and a magnet rolling interior. As the magnet rolled, through the coil, electricity is produced. Waves cause, the tube to shift to one side and the magnet consequently gains more speed as it moves towards the closure of the tube. This design was ruled out because as the magnet shifts to the end of the tube and hits the other side, energy is lost as it hits the end of the tube. Thus, the design is considered inefficient due to earthshaking energy losses.In designing, the final design a design which incorporates persisting motion was planned.Design number 4The wave generator is a long, narrow box pivoted and anchored in the middle so that, as one end goes up, the other goes down. One end goes on the wave crest and the other goes down with the trough of the wave. When one end, goes up the fluid inside the tube goes down and turns the turbine which is connected to the coil. As soon as it reaches the end of the tube, the flap closes and forces the fluid to flow backwards and the fluid takes the path on the other side. As it flows downwards, it turns the other turbine, which is connected to the magnets. The turbine and magnets turn in the confrontation direction, generating electricity by electromagnetic induction.Figure 6 Design Nos. 4Building the modelMaterials and ApparatusVoltmeter cablesPlastic CasingCopper Wire Coil2 MagnetsPerspex BoxesBushesOscilloscope body of waterIn practice, the Sea Saw should be half wavelength based on average values, so that one end rests on a crest and the other end rests on a trough. Its axis should be parallel to the motion of the wave, it is perpendicular to the wave front.AnchorSeabedIt should be anchored from the centre, to the sea bed. The anchor should be flexible so that it can adjust itself to water height/level.Preliminary examinationTest 1 Testing GeneratorString was wound around the magnets fuck. It was spun by pulling the string. electric potential was checked on an AC Voltmeter. bonny reading was About 2.3 Volts.The same reading was obtained on an oscilloscope. Peak was 2 cm, cycle was 8 cm long. Settings were 2 volts per cm. Time base was 10 ms per cm. These correspond to a peak emf of 4 volts. RMS (Root look on Square Voltage) was 2.8. Periodic Time was 80 ms. Frequency was 12.5 Hz.Theoretical voltage was calculated as followsEmf generated by each length of the coil when cutting the field lines is given byWhere B = Magnetic combine Density = 0.04 Tl = Diameter of Magnet 4.5 cm = 0.045mv = Average velocityTo find Average VelocityR = Average Radius of coil 5 cm = 0.05mF = Frequency of rotation 12.5 Hz (obtained from oscilloscope)At any time the coil is cutting the magnets at 4 different points. The coil had 70 turns .Total Peak Voltage = 5 VoltsThis agrees with the value obtained from the oscilloscope.Test 2 GatesIn the initial design, the gate were 20 cm high (Bottom to hinge). These started to hit the sides of the cooler and did not open properly. They were lowered to 13 cm. Weights in the form of heavy wrong(p) were attached to them using silicon sealer, in order to reduce the gates buoyancy since they are made of Perspex.The tank was filled with water. Wave movement was simulated by rocking the tank manually.FigureGates did not open properly and there was leakage of water. Water did not flow the despatch circuit but started to flow backwards. Water did not have large space to flow to at the ends. The design was emended by extending the tank incorporating a circular pathway.Friction at the bearings tended to make the magnet criminal record and coil to rotate in the same direction. This was due to the common shaft on which they were turning. The common shaft was used in order to arouse the system. On a larger model, the use of common shaft can be avoided.Backward movement was stopped by inserting a march on with each water turbine.Hinge moves in the direction of the pedal but not backwards.Further TestingPerformance with depth of water reconditeness of waterSpeed of Pedals/ Rev min-1Performance with different wave absolute frequencyWave FrequencySpeed of Pedals/ Rev min-1ImprovementsUse turbines instead of water mill.Smaller gates so that they open more effectively.Larger and monthlong Perspex box.Instead of water, use a denser fluid such as mercury.Water mills must have less flaps so that they do not reduce the flow of water.SurveyThe aim of the pile was to examine peoples perception on wave energy and their knowledge. A copy of the survey which was distributed is found in the appendix. The majority of those who answered the survey ranked wave energy as the second best way of producing electricity in Malta using renewable energy sources. This is understandab le since actually when seen in context wave energy is still in its early stages to be used as the main way of producing electricity thus it should be implemented unitedly with other forms of renewable energy.There was a considerable majority who answered that they neer heard of wave energy. Given that renewable energy has been on the agendum for the last five years and wave energy seem to know of it, it seems that the government and other authorities are not giving wave energy its due importance nor are they considering its potential at least in small levels. The lack of importance given to wave energy is also shown through the results obtained for question 4.The majority understand that wave energy has a potential but at the same time stand that further research should be carried out before it is implemented on a large scale. This was the general response both for question 5 and question 3.Question was largely mis understand and the few survey respondents who understood the que stion correctly accepted that wave energy can have a negative environmental impact, which can be minimised by designing a wave generator which is more environmentally friendly and has a smaller visual impact.The survey results show that people are not well informed and this point must be taken into consideration in designing the fair stand. The aim of the fair stand should not be merely to inform the public on our project but also on wave energy as a whole including its advantages and its disadvantages.

Marx and Weber: Capitalism

Marx and weber CapitalismA comparison of Marx and Webers theories with respect to their ideas and interpretations on capitalism. Marxs attitude of the industrialist company he lived in was integrity of inequality and driven by capitalism. His ideas and interpretations of capitalism atomic number 18 based on historical precedent and industrialism. He calls the capitalistic featureership order, the bourgeoisie, owning the meat of production, whilst describing the operative class, the proletariat, who provide the means of production. He viewed this capitalist governance as be an unjust and unfair one which exploited the proletariat to provide kale and dispatchs for the bourgeoisie. Marx see capitalism as merely a communicateion of previous modes of production, such as slaveholding and feudalism, becoming a ashes of production of commodities which exploited the usageers for the profitable gain of the capitalist bourgeoisie. In the feudal and slavery systems, however, the medieval lords and slave owners were prudent for the welfare of their workers. Whitheras, in the capitalist society he motto the capitalists winning unfair advantage of the workers, with a minority owing and monopolising the ownership of the means of production, whilst gaining big profits at the expense of the workers. Wage labourers produce commodities, goods which are produced for exchange. The commodities are sold on the market, and the capitalist stick outs the labourer a pursue. The capitalist gives up near of his capital to the wage labourer in the comprise of wages in return for the use of his/her labour- power. Labour-power is thus itself a trade good it is bought and sold A labourer depended on the market value of his skills, or production, to earn a living which the capitalist would sell for maximum profit. However, this profit did not feed back down to the worker, instead it went into the pockets of the already ladened capitalist. He believed that the workers we re exploited for their labour in order to survive. Marx believed that society had progressed with stages of history with each stage providing its own destruction to give it to progress to a new stage. He believed that every stage of history totally progressed to the next stage finished a cordial revolution of some kind and gave it the term Dialectical Materialism . He believed that the economy and materialism are the driving forces behind historical change. He saw the briny difference between men and animals, as mans ability to produce his own living, in other words, man owns his own mode of production. However, he saw the workers ability becoming diminished in the factories and with manual labour, with the worker being alienated from his means of production by being given only if specific tasks to complete in a production line. Ultimately, he proposed that through the progression of history, capitalism would be overcome by a repel of the working class in order for them to overcome their oppression by the capitalists, giving stylus to a fairer and equal society. He argued that scotch social organisation should be planned to suit the people. Unfortunately in some cases, his theories were interpreted and twisted by others, giving way to an even more(prenominal) despotic society, for compositors case, communism in the Union of Soviet Republics (Russia) and the Republic of China, w here the direct of the working classes were still in the hands of the select few. In contrast, Weber believed that red theories were too simple as he thought Marx saw in general sparing grounds being the driving force behind capitalism. Webers ideas and interpretations on capitalism are predominantly derived from his major work The Protestant value-system and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904-05). From most of the readings done for this essay, it would appear at start-off sight that Weber views religious belief as the driving force behind capitalism. However, this is too simplistic a view. Weber was not only implicated in the role of religion in capitalism he was in addition very interested in discovering the values behind the individuals social behaviour. He saw workers doing what they do be courtship of their commitment to their family, which is why people go to work although the work may not be great and the pay not very substantial. Weber is more interested in the actions of the individual and the affects of society on the individual therefore, he defines sociology in a different way than Marx, believing that individuals are shaped by their own motives and desires. He like to use categories and typologies, using three main categories, tradition, charismatic and legal shrewd authority. Weber had a wide range of interests, class, social stratification, modernity and religion. universe interested in discovering why capitalism was a Western phenomenon and true in certain European countries during the industrial revolution, he undertook a deliberate of these countries. In his work The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904-05), Weber makes a connection between protestant beliefs and the emergence of capitalism. Although religion did not bring about capitalism, Weber suggested that religion can cause social change, which in turn could fuel the process of capitalism. He uses Calvinism as an example of how change can be brought about. Calvinists believed that you were already predestined to go to enlightenment and were either among the elect or not, before you were natural. Nothing that happened during your life here earth would alter this election. Calvinism was a puritan form of Protestantism, focusing on self denial, hard work and a predetermined selection for approach into heaven. As Calvinists did not have any way of knowing whether or not they were part of the elect, they had to act as if they had been chosen therefore, they lived good lives here on earth and worked hard. It was this ascetic work e thic that Weber believes control capitalism as making a lot of money was a sign of hard work and no play. As they denied themselves any easiness and pleasures in life, the money they had over and above their meagre living expenses was move into the business making them different from other money makers, in so much that, they made money for moneys sake which was not spent on the frivolities in life. Weber theorised that this Protestant ethic gave rise, encouraging and promoting modern capitalism. He argues that formal rationalisation (the rationale behind making money) would overtake religion and do away with it altogether. Weber saw capitalism as a process of rationalisation and argues that there are six factors which are prerequisite for capitalism to succeed The appropriation of material means of production merchandise freedomRational technology (principally mechanisation)Calculable law (forms of adjudication and administration which allow for predictable outcomes)Formally fre e labour (persons who voluntarily sell their labour-power barely must do so to stave off starvation)And the commercialisation of economic life.All these conditions are necessary ingredients in the rise of capitalism in Webers view . Weber also saw bureaucracy as playacting a major role in capitalism. Bureaucracy is the form of social organisation in and through which rational-legal authority is exercised and maintained. It is also the form which all the way takes hold with the advent of capitalist economic order. One does not cause the other to arise they have a h3 affinity Where Marx felt that disaffection of the workers from thier products by division of labour within the capitalist system allowed development of workers for capitalist gains, thereby limiting their true freedom, Weber believed that it was bureacracies and rationalisaton that restricted humankind freedom. Marx believed that mans freedom under capitalism was deceptive and not true freedom. He believed that capi talist wage labour restricted the worker and was really a form of forced labour as the worker relied on his wage to live. The worker could only sell his labour for the price the capitalist would pay for this work or production and for Marx, capitalism was predominantly as system of commodity production and an economic driven system. Weber argued that workers lost control of their work through the forces of rational controlled production and believed that it was inevitable that the bureacracy of the capitalist system would change processes in labour and production order to gain the top hat profit. But capitalism is identical with the pursuit of profit, and forever renewed profit, by means of continuous, rational, capitalistic enterprise . Weber argued that in a capitalist society the individual join the organised structures and orginasations which are put in place to ensure an effecient structure to ensure the best profit. By join these organisations, the individual loses their ind ividuality and get cut off themselves and lost in the officialdom, and therefore, become alienated. Weber tends to be seen, or portrayed, as much more pessimistic than Marx. Weber sees society becoming locked in an Iron coop through bureaucracy, rationality and authority. This order is now bound to the technical and economic conditions of machine production which today determine the lives of all the individuals who are born into this mechanism, not only those directly concerned with economic acquisition, with irresistible force. perchance it will so determine them until the last ton of fossilized coal is burnt. In Baxters view the care for external goods should only lie on the shoulders of the saint like a light clothe, which can be thrown and twisted aside at any moment. But fate decreed that the cloak should become an iron cage Marx was much more optimistic and saw the possibility of social change through a working class revolution, believing that social democracy is an altern ative to capitalism.

Literature Review of Reflexivity in Qualitative Studies

Literature survey of Reflexivity in Qualitative StudiesEvery inquiry subject postulate to be contextualised, understood at heart the background and context of its place at heart the theoretical and class period spectrum (Fink, 2005). treat inquiry, as with every other sight of cargon for charge, should be ethically sound (Carrick, 2000), and should also be founded within sound methodological principles and developed along the lines of order for course session. Within a primary re anticipate vignette such as this, the ability to translate the nature of the enforce and indorse base of the study is very important, and on that point are two pre-existing spheres of theory which can support this. The firstborn of these is the field of articulate-based practice, and the second is reflective practice, both of which conduct to the processes of slender sentiment which are knobbed in research practice as a good deal as they are in clinical practice.The combination of these two practices within this primary research study relates to the need to in-build a hap decisiveness trail and map of the reflexivity involved in a soft approach to generating and analysing data. Reflection in care for practice is an importnat component of on-going professional reading (Driscoll, 1994 Gustafson and Fagerberg, 2004), how it contribues to professional development is what concerns the indite here. Processes of structured and purposive reflection on practice, and on learning and noesis acquistion of development (Coutss-Jarman, 1993), contrisolelye to the development of life-sustaining mentation skills which contribute to the processes of applying evidence to practice and acquire knowledge into the wider schema which relate to nurses ways of knowing (Daly, 1998Rolfe, 2005). Therefore, the author, being conscious of the contribution of good reflection to a reflexive process of clinical learning and application of knowledge (Gibbs, 1988 Hargreaves, 200 4), aimed to apply a similar sarcastic and reflexive approach to the process of polish uping and critiquing the literature relevant to this research study. Although on that point are those who argue that reflection per se is a biased and ofttimes self-referential (Jones, 1995), this author would argue that reflexivity is a fundamental component of inducive processes of qualitative research practice, particularly in proportion to the interpretation of data (Silverman, 2001). and therefore, set out to review the literature utilise a critical and reflexive approach, building in principles of reflection and critical thinking (Price, 2000), but applied to the relationship between the nurse as researcher and their burgeoning knowledge and understanding, as it feeds into their tacit and intellectual knowledge.Critical science within nursing is established as a means of developing critical thinking and analysis skills and incorporating multiple ways of knowing into the theory and pract ice domains (Fontana, 2004). Nursing research and the principles of theory generation intersect naturally with this kind of approach, because nursing research is, however abstract or applied, concerned with the improvement of nursing practice, one way or another (Freshwater and Bishop, 2003). It is also imperative that nurses who tamp down out research vouch that the research is of the highest possible methodological type, so that it can be used as evidence for practice, or else it would not be ethical to carry it out, particularly if vulnerable people are being asked to participate (Hedgecoe, 2008 Carrick, 2000). Thus the author set out to ensure that the critical reflexive review of the literature was carried out to the highest possible quality, by combining the critical principles of research review article and evidence based practice with research searching skills.Therefore, the author structured the literature review as a means of both identifying relevant research and disc ussion or commentary on the research question, and critiquing the quality of that research as evidence for practice in its own right, as a means of fetching a more rigorous and focused means of contextualising the research study and contributing to the ultimate process of theory generation.The focus of the literature review is literature in stock(predicate), and literature as evidence for practice, because this focus on evidence is part of the current trend towards quality of care (Elliot, 2000). All those involved in the provision of healthcare at a professional take are required to be able to identify and apply research for their sphere of practice (Rycroft-Malone et al, 2004), particularly if this evidence can improve practice. only for this, the nurse must be able to evalute the evidence in relation to methodological quality (Freshwater and Bishop, 2003 Hek, 2000 Elliott, 2001).Thus, to begin with, the author considered the kinds of research evidence available, fully aware that the scientific rationalist paradimg is considered to provide the highest quality of research for practice (Upshur, 2001 Sackett et al, 1996 ), but also fully espoused to the value of qualtative research in the evidence paradigm (Rycroft-Malone et al, 2004, Upshur, 2001 Stevens and Ledbetter 2000 ). A nurse evaluating research to feed into their own study needs to understand research methodology and practice, and to understand the principles of research critique and evaluation. A range of critiquing frameworks exist which provide useful insight into the quality and usefulness of research, as a foundation for developing the inteded reflexive critical review of the literature, such as the ones suggested by Cormack (2000), CASP (2004), Daggett et al (2005), Duffy (2005). These provide clear guidelines for the critiquing of both qualitative and quantitative research articles, as well as case studys and systematic reviews. The author proposes to develop a critiquing framework apply a combination of these approaches, which feeds into the process of reflection so that the author impart reflect on every step of the literature review whilst carrying it out, and vary their approach according to what that reflection brings to the surface. The aim, as stated earlier, is to use reflexivity to evaluate the evidence base for practice (Stevens and Ledbetter, 2000 Sackett et al, 1996).Evidence based practice is both a goal and a process, and therefore it could be argued that identifying the state of the evidence base is a fundamental starting point for the research project overall, not just an element of the required research process. This may be all the more important in this study because of the challenges of ensuring qualitative research is viewed as a valid contribution to theory and to practice (Cohen and Crabtree, 2008 Kearney, 2001). Thus the process of literature review is aimed at providing something which, on its own, go out contribute to the evidence base f or practice (Pepler et al, 2006), as well as providing the necessary critical, clinical and thoeretical context for the authors own study.Following on from the development of the critiquing pretense, with its in-built reflexivity, the author wil carry out an initial search of the literature using a set of key words and search term that wil be developed using a cogitate technique. Given the authors pre-existing knowledge of the topic, informed by the literature which was used to develop the research proposal, this brainstorming exercise is also an exercise in reflexivity. The author leave behind thusly develop a short list of search terms to be used in isolation and in combination to search the available literature.The search will be carried out in all the relevant and available electronic gateways and search engines, including BNI CINAHL EMBASE MEDLINE Cochrane Collaboration Science Direct and Google Scholar. The author will also search online to look for guidelines and recomme ndations using the same search terms. As the search continues, the author will revise the search terms in response to the kinds of papers that are returned, keeping a playscript of these revisions, until they feel they have accessed all the relevant articles. Those deemed relevant to the study will be retrieved, and the most pertinent will be critiqued according to the model the author will have developed. The literature review will be presented in themes, but containing comparative analysis, and the author will ensure that, in order to fit in with the overall study, that there is a relief of qualitative and quantitative studies included.

Study On Managing Organizational Change Management Essay

Study On Managing presidencyal win over circumspection Essay1.1 IntroductionAccording to the Future Administrative strategys Team (University of Houston, 2004), managing adjustment is a systematic process of taking into account the global conditions impact an face, as well as specific conditions in the establishment. The swop worry methodology examines the current surround with rate to organization culture, communication, organization design, frolic design, infrastructure, personnel, skills and knowledge, pile/ elevator car interfaces, and incentive systems. Organizations ar defined as systems comprising elements of ball organisational vigilance and operations as well as elements of much informal aspects of organisational life (Senior and Fleming 2006).Several definitions of organizational tack deal been presented over the years, For example, Burnes (1996)suggests that organizational stir means the understanding of alterations within organizations at the broadest level among individuals, groups, and at the collective level across the entire organization. Managing ex win over requires Methods and processes that serve up individuals in adjusting constructively to brisk systems, procedures, processes, workflow, organizational relationships and new(prenominal) differences as they occur.Three important factors atomic number 18 acknowledged in the above definitions of motley way the organizations culture, the pack and communication. Managing trans jutt and liaising with stakeholders in fiat to perform exchange ar integral parts of good staff and project management, tho change is never easy to manage. The adoption and carrying out of a young system exit bring nigh change to any organization. sometimes the changes required by an organization ar likely to have incited the encyclopedism of the sassy system. Adoption of a new system cornerstone life a changed approach, but the system itself is not respected as the change. The or ganization has to be prepargond for the change in order not to be seen as the cause of the change thus preventing resentment and resistance which may exceed to the hardship of the system implementation.An example of this is the implementation of a Virtual precept Environment (VLE) and Managed Learning Environment (MLE) in a university. Such environments are always part of an institutional strategy about fall uponing and manduction knowledge, but a university cannot be converted to a contrary figure of learning organization simply by implementing a VLE or MLE. The implementation of system projects must run in tandem with change projects. However, putt the responsibility on the implementers of the system is likely to result in the failure of the project. In the context of a system implementation, change management will require an institution to anticipate, prepare for, manage and undergo major organizational change from one state to a newer state. The change can be represented by-The legacy system to the replacement system-One organizational mission to extended institutional pursuits-One infrastructure and set of skills to a different make-up-Old business processes to new trading methods-De centralized ways of working to centralized functions-One set of values to an adjusted collection of principles and standards and/or-A known management approach to some other styles of governance.Al approximately all people are ill at ease(p) about change. Many will resist it consciously or subconsciously. sometimes those fears are well founded the change really will have a negative impact for them. In many cases, however, the target population for the change will come to realize that the change was for the better (reference)The pace of change is ever increasing particularly with the advent of the Internet and the rapid deployment of new technologies, new ways of doing business and new ways of conducting ones life. organizational transfer Management seeks to und erstand the sentiments of the target population and work with them to promote in effect(p) delivery of the change and enthusiastic support for its results.D.C. Brandenburg and C.V. Binder (1992) suggests that managing change requires Methods and processes that assist individuals in adjusting constructively to new systems, procedures, processes, workflow, organizational relationships and other differences as they occur. in that location are two related aspects of organizational change that are oftentimes conf utilise. In organisational Change Management we are concerned with triumphant the hearts and minds of the participants and the target population to bring about changed behaviour and culture. The distinguish skills required are founded in business psychology and require people people.Organizational Design may be a specific impersonal of the project, for example where there is to be a reduction in the workforce, or it may just be a consequence of the changed business processe s and technology.Organizational Change Management issues are often under-estimated or ignored entirely.Typically, the ideal of organizational change is in regard to organization-wide change, as opposed to small changes such(prenominal) as adding a new person, modifying a program, etcetera instances of firm-wide change mogul include a change in mission, restructuring operations (restructuring to self-managed teams, layoffs), new technologies, mergers, major collaborations, new programs such as Total Quality Management, re-engineering, etc.2.0 Organisational Change and TransitionsThere are two approaches to organizational change, namely labored systems influence for changeSoft systems model for changeThe hard systems model for change (HSMC) definition of an organization is a stable, formal structure that takes resources from the environment and processes them to produce outputs (Laudon and Laudon, 2000) dapple the soft system model for change (SSMC) regard an organization as a c ollection of rights, privileges, obligations and responsibilities that are delicately fit over time through conflict and conflict resolution (Laudon and Laudon, 2000).2.1 sticky Systems Model for Change (HSMC)This approach has identified some unspotted school days. The upright school is a management perspective that emerged during the 19th and early twentieth centuries that emphasized a rational, scientific approach to the study of management and seek to make organizations efficient operating machines (Daft, 2008). Some of the key players in the classical school include Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) who proposed the scientific management- a systematic method of find out the best way of getting a job done and specifying the skills involve to do it as well as the machine theory which discharged the psychological aspects of behaviour because workers were regarded more like machines. The two methods had a build division of tasks and responsibilities between workers and manageme nt. The scientific plectrum of people encouraged the selection of people with appropriate abilities to do newly designed job.Another major player was Henry, L. Gantt who developed the Gant chart used to measure planned and blameless tasks at each stage of production. A good classical school is the Fordism. This involves the application of scientific management principles to workers jobs, installation of single purpose machine tools and assembly line with provision mass production and systems and control units. otherwise key players include Weber who identified bureaucracy as a legal rational type of authority and Fayol who listed planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling as the five basic management functions in administration.2.2 Soft Systems Model for Change (SSMC)This approach has identified the problems with organizations, namelyHighly complexmulti-dimensionalhave problems that are difficult to locate and defineNeed total solutions.Problems with organizat ion can either be resolved, solved and dissolved (Ackoff, 1993). According to Ackoff, to resolve a problem involves the selection of an fulfil that yields an outcome that is good enough. This approach relies on the use of common sense experience and to some extent, trial and error. This often used by most managers in decision making and is also called the clinical approach in dealing with messes because it involves reaching a consensus by a group of people on how to resolve a problem. This approach keeps most people happy and on board with the change but lacks uninflected rigour in its formation of the object lenss, thus, does not indicate how far the objectives of the change have been met.To solve a problem involves eschewing the use of common sense and base decisions on quantitative models like the use of scientific models kinda than qualitative models. This is also called the research approach to mess management as it is likely to be used by scientific or technologically in clined managers. From the fore-going, the two approaches mentioned are limited in their capacity to plan and implement change hence, the suggestion of a third approach called the fancy of dissolving a problem.To dissolve a problem involves changing the reputation and/or the environment of the entity in which it is embedded so as to channel the problem (Ackoff, 1993). This approach is also called the design approach because problem dissolvers in addition to using the methods of problem resolvers and solvers seek to redesign the characteristics of the larger system containing the problem like changing the organizational structure, culture and processes. Only a few managers use this method and these are those that have the principal objective of development rather than growth or survival and who recognize it.3.0 The Organizational development ProcessThis approach identifies the importance of the people that make up the organization. It identifies that people at all levels of the org anization are individually and together with the drivers and engines of change. The assumption is that people perform better when they have high theatrical role of life and that workers that are under-utilized are capable of contributing towards the goal of the organization if given the opportunity of taking more responsibilities.Paton and McCalman (2008) identified ternary concepts with respect to managing people and gaining their perpetration to work in an organizationOrganizations are about peopleManagement assumptions about people often lead to un fruitful design of organizations and this hinders performance.People are the most important asset and their commitment goes a long way in determining effective organization design and development.Total Systems Intervention (TSI), developed by Flood and capital of Mississippi (1991), is a meta-methodology that brings together a range of systems metaphors, a framework of systems methodologies, and dissimilar systems approaches to e nable creative problem solving. In a process of TSI, systems metaphors are used to encourage creative thinking about organisations and the issues confronting managers.The discipline of Organizational outgrowth has evolved over the past fifty years or so. some(prenominal) French and Bell, describe organizational development asa long-term effort, led and back up by top management, to break an organizations visioning, empowerment, learning, and problem-solving processes, through an ongoing, collaborative management of organization culture-with special emphasis on the culture of intact work teams and other team configurations-using the consultant-facilitator role and the theory and technology of applied behavioral science, including action research. (French Bell, 1999, pp. 25-26)On a practical day-to-day level, we think of OD as an ongoing, thoughtfully planned effort by all members of an organization to improve how that organization operates, serves its stakeholders, fulfills it s mission, and approaches its vision. What are more compelling than the definition of Organizational Development are the underlying and continuously evolving philosophy and values of the discipline3.1 Lewins one-third phase model of changeLewin (1951) proposed an extensively referred literature on change. It consists of three phasesUnfreezingMovingRefreezingUnfreezing involves shaking up of peoples habits of thinking and behaviour in order to create their awareness for need for change. This implies the change of the status quo by change or weakening the forces that could push or maintain the change (Cummings and Worley, 2009). This might involve the selective promotion of employees or termination of employment (Goodstein and Burke, 1993). A good example is the case of Pitford College in shire horse County. A member of staff was promoted to director of open and resource based learning (ORBL) while others had their responsibilities changed from teaching the students to tutoring stud ents working in self service types of learning environment. discontinue of the unfreezing process was the consultation with the head of departments and decision makers to discuss new developments which were seen as challenging the status quo on education.Moving is the second stage of the Lewis change process and it involves making the actual changes that will move the organization to a new state. This includes the establishment of new strategies and structures to new ways of doing things. For example, In the Shire County, the ORBL involved a series of seminars on concepts of ORBL for staff. In addition, Pitford Collge, one of the other two colleges in the County, large new ORBL centres were built with multimedia teaching and learning facilities.Lewins final phase in the change process is the refreezing and this involves alter or institutionalizing the changes. This involves making sure that new changes are secured and prevented from back slide and may even involve the recruitment of new staff that are untainted with the old habits. The continual involvement and support of top management is very crucial and essential at this stage. Once the changes have been made, it is also important to reinforce the changes with symbolic actions and signs such as change of logos, building designs, forms of dress, and ways of grouping people to get work done. It is essential to continually collect data and feedback to track the progress of the change and to monitor the get on change in the light of environmental changes.According to Senge (1990)learning organizationsexists where people continually expand their capacity to create the results they truly desire, where new and larger-than-life patterns of thinking are nurtured, where collective aspiration is set free, and where people are continually learning to see the whole together.The basic rationale for such organizations is that in situations of rapid change only those that are flexible, adaptive and productive will ex cel. For this to happen, it is argued, organizations need to discover how to tap peoples commitment and capacity to learn at alllevels

Sonnys Blues Essay :: Free Essays

fellows Blues By James Baldwin Sonnys Blues the author is presenting the past from the billet of the present in order to understand his own feelings concerning the role of a father. The two associates in the story had different life choices. Both Sonny and the storyteller check found their own mode of escaping the violence and callosity of the ghetto, different though those modes might be. After the death of the mother the fibber feels he is his brothers keeper, because of the call he made to the mother. He is not exactly happy about it and especially Sonnys life style. Nevertheless, this is his only brother and he made a promise not to turn his back on him. Sonny was more give care his uncle a music lover. Before the mother died she told him about his father and the pang he went through after the death of his brother. His fathers brother was a music lover and somewhat like Sonny. So, by presentment this story it would help the narrator to understand Sonny. Now he knows a little about his family background and roots. At the end the narrator was at long last able to see and understand what music did for Sonny it allow him to be himself and express himself to other. Explore the implications of the allusion to the Book of Isaiah 5117-23 in the concluding sentence. What has the narrator learned as the result of his experience? All of the desolation, destruction, famine, sword things that we (the narrator) go through in this life, are learned through other who have shared these same experiences. Our oppressor (Satan spiritually, mankind physically) causes a trembling in our lives entirely just like Jerusalem, who was and still is oppressed God has already interpreted our cup of trembling. We are delivered through the sharing of our experiences with one another, discharge ourselves from one who causes the trembling.

Chemistry Essay -- essays research papers

Robert Boyle is considered both the founder of new-made pharmacistry and the salientest English scientist to live during the first thirty eld of the existence of the Royal Society.He was not only a chemist and a physicist as we know him to be, but also an avid theologian, a philanthropist, an essayist, and a beginner in medicine. Born in Lismore, Ireland to Richard Boyle, first earl of Cork, and Katherine Fenton, his succor wife, Boyle was the youngest son in a family of fourteen. However he was not shortchanged of anything. afterward private tutoring at home for eight years, Robert Boyle was sent to Eton College where he analyse for four years. At the age of twelve, Boyle traveled to the Continent, as it was referred to at the time. at that place he found a private tutor by the prognosticate of Marcombes in Geneva. While traveling between Italy, France, and England, Boyle was being tutored in the cultured arts, philosophy, theology, mathematics, and science. As the years w ent by, Boyle became more and more fire in medicine. His oddness in this field led him to chemistry. At first Boyle was mainly interested in the facet of chemistry that dealt with the preparation of drugs, but soon he became genuinely interested in the subject and started to study it in great detail. His studies led him to Oxford where he joined such scientists as deception Wilkins and John Wallis. Together in 1660, they founded the Royal Society of London for the Ad...

Black Boy1 :: Essays Papers

Black Boy1Frederick Douglass and Richard Wright wrote memoirs recounting their experiences with racism. Though their authorship styles atomic number 18 completely different from one another, the subjects they discuss are similar. aft(prenominal) reading each piece they have both made me realise with their feelings, however different their lives are from mine. Their memoirs, My Bondage My Freedom and Black Boy, depict insightful images of the racist and cruel treatment these writers experienced. Despite all of their stylistic differences, after both excerpts I understand the passion they matte up for the offense they endured.The variation of the writers mathematical function of quotation marks provides insight to the degree of formality that Wright and Douglass express. Wright commits quotations frequently and exclusively in dialogue. Included within the quotes are the raw requests, unfair news, and degrading remarks that infuriated him.Hello, Ned. Whats new? I asked .Youve heard, havent you? he asked.About what?My brother, Bob?No, what happened?Ned began to weep softly.They killed him, he managed to say.The white-hot folks? I asked in a whisper, guessing.He sobbed his answer. Bob was suddenly I had met him all a few times, but I felt that I had known him through his brother (p. 382).I feel as though I can hear the words just as he did. Richard Wrights use of quotations is effective in creating an informal bankers bill and expressing his feelings of powerlessness. It is a very effective tool for an empathetic reaction from the reader.Douglass use of quotation marks is quite opposite from Wrights. Screaming and song are only in quotes to place emphasis on the importance of the breeding he includes. Let my mammy go-let my mammy go, a child screams (p. 143). His economical use of quotes makes each outburst highly powerful and passionate. This shout of terror makes it easy to feel the urgency Douglass felt.Their use of I also attributes to the greater understanding of their cruel experiences. Frederick Douglass rarely refers to himself with I. He does, however, mention incidents that had a direct effect on him.Although my gaga master- Capt. Anthony- gave me at first, (as the reader will have already seen,) very microscopical attention, and although that little was remarkably mild and gentle description, a few months only were sufficient to convince me that mildness and gentleness were not the prevailing or governing traits of his character (p.

The Epidemic of AIDS in the African-American Community :: Health Medical HIV Diseases Essays

In the early 1980s, many dauntless men were establish to suffer from Kaposis sarcoma, a cancer usu all in ally associated with elderly men of Mediterranean ethnicity. Eventually the jovial men wasted away and died. Word began to col throughout the homosexual community that gay men were dying of an differently rare cancer. The medical community began to refer to this syndrome by the colloquialism gay Cancer. As medical scientists interrogationed, they discovered that the syndrome included other manifestations, such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). A rare form of pneumonia caused by protozoa, its name was changed to control grid, or Gay Related Immune Deficiency. The effect that the stigma of oddity had on the general publics perception and handling of the disease cannot be overlooked. deep down the medical community, it quickly became apparent that the disease was not specific to gay men (as blood transfusion patients, heroin users, heterosexual women and newbornbor n babies became added to the tip of afflicted), and the renamed the syndrome (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) in misconception holds that the disease was introduced by a gay male flight attendant, named Gaetan Dugas, referred to as Patient Zero. However, subsequent research has revealed that there were cases of help much earlier than initially known. It has also been theorized that a series of inoculations against hepatitis that were performed in the gay community of San Francisco were tainted with HIV. There is a high correlation between recipients of that vaccination and initial cases of AIDS, though this of course has never been proven to be accurate. Since the turn of the century, the overall health of all Americans has ameliorate substantially. Although advances in medical and scientific technology have improved the health status of the American people, there is a growing fix and recognition that African-Americans have not benefited equally from the fruits of science . Whereas these facts are not new news, it is apparent that most of the public and the scientific community are not fully aware of the full impact of these problems.There are regimen agencies that aim to provide health services to minorities the Office of nonage wellness (which seeks to develop health policies beneficial to minorities) and the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities (which seeks to promote minority health and eliminate health disparities).On June 23, 2004 President George W. Bush spoke at a abbreviate conference in Philadelphia, Pa. where he announced his latest HIV/AIDS initiative.

A Tale of Two Heroes Essay -- Novels Enders Game Orsen Scott Card Ess

A Tale of Two Heroes Enders Game written by Orsen Scott Card and The Matrix the movie by Warner Br otherwises may not pack much in mutual at least at starting time glance. There is much that the two charcters modern and Ender sh are. In fact unity common theme in both their stories is the scrap among unloose lead and fate. twain Ender and Neo also share a battle between advantageously and evil. Our heros also face a battle between themselves and their own desires. Neo who is our hero from The Matrix is a young humankind who is seeking the truth active the matrix, a computer generated system. He encounters Morpheaus who becomes his expire and mentor in finding and then dealing with the truth about the matrix. Neo finds out that the matrix has control of the human race invite out a select few who have been freed from this computer generated dream cosmos that controls them. The reality of mankind being used as battries to generate strength for the machines does not come true for Neo until he is freed from the matrix. Through Morpheaus, Neo discovers that he could be the fullfilment of prophecy which promises a savior to free domain from the matrix and end its reign over all mankind. Ender, on the other hand, is unspoiled a child when he is taken away from his family to be trained as a soldier to campaign an alien culture that is known as buggers. These buggers have invaded Earth twice before and it is feared that they will invade again. It is believed that Ender is the only one who will be able to thrash the buggers. He is taken up into space to be trained at a battle naturalise which teaches students the art of combat in space. erst he passes the tests that are set before him, Ender moves on to combat school where he learns to be a comandor and faces his last test... ...or small they may be. Both of our heros started off not thinking of themselves as heros but found that common ground between fate and free will where what we want to do and what we are meant to do colide. We all, even if we dont want to admit it, end up finding ourselves clambering within our own desires and what we know we must do. If we are evil we will one day have to fight good and if we are good we will one day have to fight evil. As Ender and Neo found out that they were the ones to fight and win the battles that face their lives we too can see that like Neo and Ender we to are the ones to fight the battles that face our lives. Later on in our heros stories we find Neo was not just the one but one of galore(postnominal) ones and like Neo, Ender was just one of many ones. We two are just one of many ones. Enjoy fighiting your battles, pick them wisely, and fight them nobaly.

Market Segmentation Essay -- essays research papers fc

To ca economic consumption different commercialises or to promote your products to different locations or people wholeness has to use a method called market partition. Market segmentation describes the grade of a market into homogenous chemical groups which will respond differently to promotions, communications, ad and other trade mix variable (Cumming). Market segmentation is super important for companies around the world. If a guild doesnt research the playing playing field in which they are going to market or they put a product that is either to expensive or to elaborate in an area that open firet afford that then they will fail as a company. In my paper I will discussion why market segmentation is utilize in around the world, the types of segmentation, some techniques utilize to make segmentation work the best.Market segmentation is to divide the market into small segments. The reason for dividing the market is to make it easier to address the needs of smaller g roups of customers, particularly if they have many characteristics in common (Breen). It is easier if you find things in common that are the same such age, gender, benefits, lifestyles, etc. We also use market segmentation to find niches or to identify under-served or un-served markets. victimization niche marketing, segmentation can allow a new company or new product to target less contested buyers and champion a mature product seek new buyers (Cumming). Niche marketing can also take a normally large, identifiable group within a market, break it into sub groups so marketing can become easier. Niching offers smaller companies an opportunity to compete by forcing their limited resources on serving niches that may be unimportant to or overlooked by larger competitors (Mariotti). In many markets today, niches are normal, as agency decision maker observed, There will be no market for products that everybody likes a little, and that for products that somebody likes a lot (Mariotti). M arket segmentation is also used to be efficient. More efficient use of marketing resources by charge on the best segments for your offering product, price, promotion, and place (distribution). Segmentation can serve up you avoid sending the wrong heart and soul or sending your message to the wrong people (Klein). The question is when do we use market segmentation. The resolving power is, anytime you suspect there are significa... ...ptually distinguishable and do they respond differently to different marketing mix elements and programs? The market segments have to be actionable Can effective programs be designed for attracting and serving the segments. (Mariotte).Market segmentation is one the most important parts of the marketing mix because of its cogency to sell specific items to specific people effectively.Works CitedBreen, Bill, Desire Connecting With What Customers call for Fast Company Issue 67 Febuary 2003 page 86 Gruner + Jahr ground forces Publishing 2003 (www.fa stcompany.com).Cumming, Betsy, Cut Out For Success Targeting Segments Can Help You maintain A Bigger Share of the Overall Market Sales and merchandise January 4, 1994 VNUeMedia Inc. 2003 (www.salesand marketing.com)Klein, E. Karen, Advertising vs. Marketing Business Week October 9, 2003 McGrain Hill Companies 2003 (www.businessweek.com).Mariotti, L John, maximise Your Marketing Dollars Fortune Small Business Monday, January 22, 2001 Time Inc 2003 (www.fortune.com).McElligott, Tuim, Customer circumstantial The Art and Science Behind Amdocs Market Segmentation telephone set October 16, 2003

Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Homers Iliad :: Iliad essays

Fate and Destiny in The Iliad   The Iliad portrays fate and destiny as supreme and ultimate forces.  The Iliad presents the question of who or what is finally responsible for a munificences destiny, yet the answers to this question are not quite clear.  In many instances, it seems that man has no control over his fate and destiny, but at other points, it seems as if a mans fate lies in the consequences of his actions and decisions. Therefore, The Iliad reveals a man sometimes controls his destiny.   In The Iliad the gods fate is controlled much in the same port as a mortals, except for one major difference, the immortals cannot die and hence do not have a destiny. Immortals lives may not be judged because they have not and will not die. The gods are able to control mortals fate but not their own directly.   In view as I, the pest is a result of the upsetting of Apollo.  The gods produce situations over trivial things, such as forgetting a sacrifi ce or, in this case, insulting Chryses.  The gods have toughness tantrums, and they switch sides quickly and without consideration.  One day they protect the Achaeans, the nextt day the Trojans.  The gods maneuver favorites with no sense at all of any of the moral or political issues involved in the war.  Zeus does what he can, but the others stand as though they were better than all the rest, in more ship appearance than one.  They have no compassion for their own kind, and their concern for man is take down less.  Occasionally, the gods will show concern for one of their favorites when he is having a severely time, but it is very rare.  This attitude is the result of their own vindictiveness against humanity and mans own tendency to irrational behavior or carelessness in worshipping the gods.  But more often than not, men find themselves fighting a force beyond their control.   The opening statement of The Iliad contains the phrase the wil l of Zeus, and this reflects the Greeks tactual sensation that man is in the grip of forces that he cannot control.  It is also another way of saying that all things are fated and out of the hands of man.  Book XXII shows that the gods control the fates of man   But once they reached the springs for the fourth time,

Displaying the Confederate Flag :: Racism Confederate Flag Symbolism Essays

Displaying the Confederate droopEver since I first moved here, I have continuously wanted to know wherefore so many mountain from this theatre of operations go out of their way to divulge a token that is regarded by many others as a symbol of hate. I see it all over I goon clothes, backpacks, license plates, and even in yards. The participator battle flag is flaunted by many in this argona, and I rally that we can all attest to this. Why do so many people display this flag on an everyday basis, and who exactly be these people? What does the flags glorification evidence about these people, and how do they want to be thought of by displaying this symbol? Finally, I would ilk to better determine what the flag means to me and to other people of the field of force who do not exhibit the flag. The first step in intellect this cultural phenomenon is to determine who exactly is responsible for creating it. It is pretty obvious who these people are. Have you ever seen a plain confederate battle flag shown off by an African American, Hispanic, Asian, or any other non-whites? I would bet my life savings that over half of the flag pushers are people who have never lived in a racially versatile area or a large metropolitan location, as this symbol is not tolerated in these types of areas. In addition, I think it is safe to say that many of these people come from the more(prenominal) rural, conservative areas of the country. All in all, however, the flags promoters are essentially the white people who convey to display it. I have come to the conclusion that these people display this flag for a number of different reasons. There are whatsoever people out there who actually use the flag as a representation of being from the south. Unfortunately, I think this belief is more often utilized as an excuse for displaying a symbol of racial intolerance than as a hometown indicator. The Ku Klux Klan, which houses its capital in nearby Harrison, has ut ilise the flag for years as a sign of white supremacy. Is it proficient a coincidence that many other whites from surrounding areas so proudly display the symbol as well? I wonder why the supposed non-racist greyers decided to use the same particular flag kinda of the many other symbols that can be used to show southern pride.

New York City Essay examples -- Descriptive Personal Narrative Essays

When you associate anything with New York City it is usually the laughable buildings that pierce the sky or the congested sidewalks with people desperate to wander in the famous stores in which celebrities dwell. Even with my short visit at that place I found myself lost within the Big Apple. The voices of the never-ending attractions betoken out and envelop you in their awe. The streets ar filled with an atmosphere that is ilk a young child on a shopping pass in a candy store. Although your feet swelter from the continuous walking, you find yourself pressure level on with the yearning to discover the New York Experience.Upon arrival into the jungle of vast buildings, the archetypical thing noticed is the mobbed streets filled with taxi cabs and cars going to and fro in legion(predicate) directions, with the scent of exhaust surfing through the air. As you progress deeper into the inward city and exit your vehicle, the aroma of the many restaurants passes through your nost rils and gives you a zest for a ?NY Hot Dog? sold by the street venders on the corner calling out your name. As you continue your journey you are passed by the ongoing flow of pedestrians talking on their cell ph unrivalleds and alcoholism a Starbucks while enjoying the city. The constant commotion of conversing voices rage up and stilt the streets as someone calls for a fast taxi. A mixed blend of various music styles all band together to form one wild tune.After a few hours of bustling through the streets, you fix that...

A Hurricane Strikes - Original Writing Essay -- Papers

A Hurricane Strikes - current Writing It was an ordinary Sunday break of the day. The rays of golden sunlight shone on the modest but lively liquidation. The constant murmur of chatting filled the morning air. As children played and laughed, the men relaxed with their noses in their Sunday papers and the old ladies gather to exchange the latest gossip. The huge trees looked protectively down on the village below and their leaves danced proudly in the breeze. In the distance, all the identical cottages had flowerpot rising from the chimneys. Outside one of these cottages, a tiny tanned true sparrow skipped along the concrete path that led up to the welcoming calculate door. The cottage was set into the grassy bank and branches full with sycamore leaves stretched forth from the woodland and occasionally tapped on the old-fashioned window panes. From a light blue sky, the sunlight speared down onto the cottages thatched roof, under which the swall ows had blithely secreted a nest for their squawking young. Surrounding the cottage was a crooked hem in from which dirty-white paint was peeling. Above all the clattering and chattering of the children, the little old brothel keeper could be heard, as she shouted at the youngsters to get run into the fence. The morning sun disappears as a monstrous, jet-black blanket of cloud shortly appears even the wicked and evil ravens hurry to escape the impending storm. The fall lashes down and the shrieking wind hurls itself against the helpless trees, constantly pounding them and quickly removing the remains of the once proud foliage. Everyone immediately senses disaster suddenly panic-stricken. Screams, shouts and squeals brea... ...ls the boys off for sitting on her fence. The clouds begin to disperse and a frail beam of sunlight marks the boys way as he scrambles out of the hole and steps into the world to find an unimaginable heap of destruction. Th e blissful and cheerful world that he once knew was now but a heap of bricks, rubble and remains of peoples homes. His wit drifts to happier times, when the village was full of rowdy children and the air was filled with constant chit-chat when in that respect was an essence of life rather than destruction The boy looks for the fence expecting to debate his brother but, to his shock, the fence is amongst the pile of rubble, along with the rest of the town. There, on swipe of all the ruins he sees a once adored doll. Her sad and only(a) marble eyes gazing straight up into the clear, blue sky. Waiting...

The play A View from the Bridge is set in the 1940’s in a place called :: English Literature

The symbolize A View from the dyad is spate in the 1940s in a place called scarlet pussyfoot in America. Arthur moth miller is the writer of this playA View from the BridgeThe play A View from the Bridge is range in the 1940s in a placecalled Red Hook in America. Arthur miller is the writer of this playand he has been quoted as saying that this play is ground on a lot ofhis own personal experiences. The gardening of Red Hook is a mixture ofthe newly formed American culture and the Sicilian culture, which has pursue through and through immigrants being brought here from Sicily. The main sources in the play be Eddie Carbone, who is a long shoreman, hiswife Beatrice, their niece Catherine who is adopted, and there argonBeatrices two cousins, called Marco and Rodolfo, who are illegalimmigrants from Sicily, looking for work in America. Beatrice andEddie are both(prenominal) American citizens, and were born in America, but theirgrandparents were from Sicily. Catherine has bee n brocaded and broughtup by Beatrice and Eddie since she was a young child and Eddie hasgrown disposed to her and is very cautionary of her due to hisincestuous attraction to her. Alfieri is a rectitudeyer from an ItalianAmerican background and has lived in Red Hook since he was 25. Alfierihas a treble role in the play. He speaks directly to the sense of hearing and hereminds the consultation of things that have happened in the play, plus heis in addition a calibre involved in the action of the play.Alfieri introduces the themes that pelt along through the play. In Alfierisopening speech he uses the words watched it run its bloody furrow asif he knows something bad is going to hire place in the play, atragedy. Alfieri also points out that there is a difference mingled withthe modern American law and the ancient law of the Sicilian legal expertbecause the law has not been a good mind since the Greeks werebeaten and the evaluator is very in-chief(postnominal) here thes e quotes are present how the people are connected to Sicilians from their past. Itis important for Alfieri to be a character as swell up as the narrator inthe play because as the narrator he comes in to speak directly to theaudience and control us arouse in what is happening. As a characterin the play, he is important because he talks to Eddie and tries tohelp him, because he understands him. He gives the audience insightsinto Eddies character.The play A View from the Bridge is set in the 1940s in a place called English booksThe play A View from the Bridge is set in the 1940s in a place called Red Hook in America. Arthur Miller is the writer of this playA View from the BridgeThe play A View from the Bridge is set in the 1940s in a placecalled Red Hook in America. Arthur Miller is the writer of this playand he has been quoted as saying that this play is based on a lot ofhis own personal experiences. The culture of Red Hook is a mixture ofthe newly formed American culture and t he Sicilian culture, which hascome through immigrants being brought here from Sicily. The maincharacters in the play are Eddie Carbone, who is a long shoreman, hiswife Beatrice, their niece Catherine who is adopted, and there areBeatrices two cousins, called Marco and Rodolfo, who are illegalimmigrants from Sicily, looking for work in America. Beatrice andEddie are both American citizens, and were born in America, but theirgrandparents were from Sicily. Catherine has been raised and broughtup by Beatrice and Eddie since she was a young child and Eddie hasgrown attached to her and is very protective of her due to hisincestuous attraction to her. Alfieri is a lawyer from an ItalianAmerican background and has lived in Red Hook since he was 25. Alfierihas a dual role in the play. He speaks directly to the audience and hereminds the audience of things that have happened in the play, plus heis also a character involved in the action of the play.Alfieri introduces the themes that run throu gh the play. In Alfierisopening speech he uses the words watched it run its bloody course asif he knows something bad is going to take place in the play, atragedy. Alfieri also points out that there is a difference betweenthe modern American law and the ancient law of the Sicilian justicebecause the law has not been a good idea since the Greeks werebeaten and the justice is very important here these quotes areshowing how the people are connected to Sicilians from their past. Itis important for Alfieri to be a character as well as the narrator inthe play because as the narrator he comes in to speak directly to theaudience and keep us interested in what is happening. As a characterin the play, he is important because he talks to Eddie and tries tohelp him, because he understands him. He gives the audience insightsinto Eddies character.

Bethany Hills, Omemee Esker and Fleetwood Creek :: essays research papers

debar 2 Glacial Lake PeterboroughGlacial Lake Peterborough had many attributing spillways attached to it, feeding melt weewee and repository from the ice margin and or other glacial lakes. Much of the alluviation that was deposited in Glacial Lake Peterborough came from either from the stagnant ice blocks located on the Oak Ridges moraine or from the Lake Algonquin drainage system. Much of the deposition in this lake was dominated by sediment stratification, which may have been largely influenced by thermal stratification. As a result of thermal stratification occurring in this glacial lake sediment inputs were greatly influenced depending on the different sediment densities in the midst of the lake bottom water to that of the incoming meltwater and if the in give density was less/to a greater extent than the bottom water than the lake water bottom, than new transport and depositional paths were created Depending on the causa of path that was created, it would largely influence the rate and distance to which the sediment was transported. resolution 3a Kettleby TillThe Kettleby till is considered to be younger than the important till in the atomic number 18a because it may have been deposited by ice contact differentiate drift. Ice contact stratified drift is normally deposited by meltwater in contact and or in close proximity to the ice sheet. stratification and some sorting do takes place. Stop 3B Bethany Hills Deltaic linchpins on southerly FlankYes this feature is the result of erosion and depositional processes however, it is not associated with the current water course. This feature may be the result of a Gilbert fiber delta that once occupied this area. Gilbert type deltas have three main components topsets, foresets and bottomsets. Topsets are fluvial sediments (primarily sandur deposits) that were deposited on the subaerial delta surface. Erosive events occurring on the upper forslope fanny result in downslope channels and chutes. These feat ures are then decay by either strong currents or by debris flow resulting in these channels and chutes to incur filled. Foresets are a combination of sand and gravel facies. The are deposited by gravitational processes on the delta foreslope and the grains tend to become finer and more angular downslope. Bottomsets consist of fine grained silts and clay and are deposited at the foot of the delta front. Stop 3C Drumlin in older northern/ boodle TillI believe that this drumlin is closely related to erosion and accretion hypotheses of drumlin formation. This is because of its location being close to a steep valley wall.

Knight in Shinning Armour in Chaucers The Canterbury Tales Essay examp

The Knight in Shinning Armour in Chaucers The Canterbury Tales Chaucers The Canterbury Tales offers the reader an insight into our past, providing vivid glimpses into the 14th centurys well-disposed structure, and into the personalities, lives, and ethics of twenty-eight members of that society drawn together to travel on a pilgr stunt woman. The General Prologue to the Tales deals primarily with introducing these people to us, providing physical descriptions and character outlines of to the highest degree each pilgrim it is a tribute to Chaucers skill that his descriptions (as filtered through the neurotically dexterous narrator) succeeds in creating such lively characters out of what are, essential, two-dimensional stereotypes from his era. Chaucer manages to create wet characters through multiple means, each pilgrim receiving special detail in unlike areas. Take, for instance, the first of the pilgrims The Knight. The knight has always been a romantic, heroi c figure, and in this congregation of pilgrims, is the highest placed member on the social stepladder. Chaucer does the knight - and our preconceptions of him - justice, painting an image of a strong, valiant, and noble figure. Oddly enough (or perhaps, wisely), very little assistance is given to his physical detail, concentrating more on the knights activities and demeanour. In fact, the only lines that put up a direct physical description of the knight are that for tto tellen you of his array,His hors were goode, but he was nat gay.Of fustiaan he wered a gipoun,Al bismottered with his haubergeoun, (73-76) Therefore, we know he has a good horse (a sure sign of wealth), and that he avoids flashy, brazen-faced clothing (unlike his son the squ... ...ion of which has obviously caused the knight to go on a pilgrimage. Something is obviously bothering the knight, else he would not feel the need to atone for his actions. alone these small flaws only make him that much more of a compassionate figure, and can only serve to further draw the reader into the knights advance tale. So, while the knight may be besmirched, and troubled, and no longer gleam, he still, in Chaucers, the narrators, and most readers view, remains the Knight in shinning armour.Works ConsultedGeoffrey Chaucer. Twaynes English Authors Series, Ed. Sylvia Bowman, New York Twayne Publishers, 1964. Modern deprecative Views Geoffrey Chaucer, Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1985. Pearsall, Derek. The Life of Geoffrey Chaucer. Blackwell Critical Biographies. Ed. Claude Rawson. Oxford Blackwell Publishers, 1992.