Essay Topics For Years Past

Essay Topics For Years PastIt's time to think about this year of the Wonders essay topics again. Here are some of the best essays for years past that should bring back many good memories for you.We know that in our world, there are times when we do not want to talk about the year before. This is because it was already too difficult. It seems so far away from us now, especially since some people have forgotten the last one and a half years. But then, if we had the time, we could go back in time. And the first year of the Wonders is just as good, just like the second year of the Wonders or the fifth year of the Wonders.The first year of the Wonders essay topics are always very popular. This is because it is the year when things are still new. It seems that no one knows what to expect for the next year of the Wonders. Thus, people tend to talk about the first year, and wonder about things that happened in that year and how it helped them live their lives now.For the year of wonders essa y topics, students will want to talk about the fact that they loved astronomy in that year. They loved the telescope so much that they were in awe of the night sky. They also loved the planets because they could see the different heavenly bodies at that time. Some of them still marveled at the view that they get from all of those objects.They also have to talk about the fact that they were wrong in the first year. They were very skeptical of the solar system because it seemed too complicated to them. But once they discovered that they were wrong, they were greatly relieved. And thus, they were ready to discover what all was right about the solar system in the second year of the Wonders. What they discovered was the need for belief in science in order to move forward and explore new lands.The next year is always the year of the Wonders because it is the year of progress. The new discoveries came so fast that they cannot be ignored, no matter how difficult they seem to us now. In the year of wonders essay topics, students will want to talk about these new and incredible discoveries that had been made in the previous year. But in the year of wonders, students will also want to talk about why they think the new discoveries can not be ignored, even though they might seem so far away from them now.Of course, one year after the discovery of the constellations, humans began making their way around the galaxy. The next year, they discovered that the moon has continents, and the oceans. Then, they discovered that the universe is filled with stars, and then galaxies. It seems like we have had a lot of discoveries in the year of wonders.This is the year when all the nations of the world make a decision. After all, they are trying to follow the new discovery and guide themselves to the future.

Cadbury free essay sample

Cadbury India Ltd. is a part of the Mondelez International group of companies and is in the business of creating a delicious world producing delectable chocolate confectionaries, gum and candy products, and popular beverages and foods that include many of Indias most popular and trusted food brands. Over the years they have won customers hearts and achieved a 70 percent market share in the chocolates category in India. Their flagship brand Cadbury Dairy Milk (CDM) is considered the Gold Standard for chocolates the pure taste of CDM defines the chocolate taste for the Indian consumer. Ranked fourth among Indias most admired companies by Fortune India, in 2012, Cadbury India is a part of Mondelez International (NASDAQ: MDLZ), the global snacking and food company and a spin-off from Kraft Foods Inc. Mondelez International is the worlds largest chocolatier, biscuit baker and candy maker, and the second-largest maker of gum. Cadbury India has been in India for over 60 years, having started in 1948 as an importer of chocolates. We will write a custom essay sample on Cadbury or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Their large community extends into Indias agricultural spaces. Since 1965, Cadbury has pioneered and enhanced the development of cocoa cultivation in India. For over two decades, they have worked with the Kerala Agricultural University to undertake cocoa research and improve cocoa yields. Headquartered in Mumbai, Cadbury India has sales offices in New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai and six manufacturing facilities at Thane, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Induri (Pune), Malanpur (Gwalior) and Baddi (Himachal Pradesh). Mission and Vision Statements of Cadbury India Mission: Cadbury’s mission statement says simply: ‘Cadbury means quality’; this is our promise. Our reputation is built upon quality; our commitment to continuous improvement will ensure that our promise is delivered’. Vision: Cadbury India has defined its vision as â€Å"Life full of Cadbury and Cadbury full of life† Marketing Strategy Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Segmentation One notable form of customer segmentation that Cadbury utilizes is behavioural segmentation, which is based on actual customer decision-making processes towards Cadbury’s products. Once dividing these customers by that base, they target them by providing specific product offerings. The relevant segments are the following: The Break Segment, Impulse Segment and Take-home Segment. Break Segment This segment describes products which are normally consumed as a snatched break and often with tea or coffee. This would make up a part of a meal and usually will be used a form of dessert substitution. Some examples of products that cater to this would be the Dairy Milk range. Impulse Segment These products are most often purchased on impulse while consumers are walking buy or shopping for other household goods. They are strategically placed at eye-level or near the checkout counter so that consumers can make an unplanned purchase. Promotions are also often used to encourage consumers to purchase the chocolates. Both the Cadbury dairy milk block-size and bite-size could be purchased on impulse, depending on its packaging and its presentation. Take-home Segment This describes products that are normally purchased in supermarkets, taken home and consumed at a later stage due to its sheer quantity. Part of this segment is called the gift segment, where the consumers will take home a box of chocolates in the form of a gift for someone else. An example of this would be Cadbury’s large Dairy Milk blocks or the Cadbury Celebrations box. Targeting Unless markets are targeted with the product offerings, very few will buy the product. Therefore, Cadbury India has distinguished its product offerings to specific class of consumer groups. For example, Cadbury Temptations and Bourneville are meant for higher end consumer groups who are willing to pay more for the dark chocolates. More recently, Cadbury has introduced SILK as a product offering and targets anyone who can’t resist chocolate. Cadbury SILK is only another product item in the CDM product line. Positioning Positioning is defined as the way by which the marketers attempt to create a distinct impression in the customers mind. For kids, the word Cadbury’s is synonymous with chocolates; and the company’s many taglines resonate with the emotions of the people across segments. E. g. : â€Å"Kuch meetha ho jaye†, â€Å"the perfect expression of love†, etc. Marketing Mix PRODUCT The average company will compete for customer by conforming to his expectation consistently. But the winner will surpass them by constantly exceeding his expectation, delivering to his door step additional benefits which he would never have imagined. Cadbury’s offer such product. The wide variety products offered by the company include: Chocolate Confectionary Dairy Milk Fruit Nut 5 Star Break Perk Gems Eclairs Nutties Temptation Milk Treat Beverages Food Drinks Bourn vita Drinking chocolate Cocoa PRICE The strategy used by Cadbury’s is for matching the value that customer pays to buy the product with the expectation they have about what the production is worth to them. Cadbury’s has launched various products which cater to all customer segments. So every customer segment has different price expectation from the product. Therefore maximizing the returns involves identifying right price level for each segment, and then progressively moving through them. Dairy Milk: Rs. 15 Perk: Rs. 10 5 Star: Rs. 10 Friut and Nut: Rs. 22 Gems: Rs. 10 Break :Rs. 5 Nutties: Rs. 18 Bournvita (500 gm): Rs. 104 Drinking chocolate: Rs. 50 PLACE Cadbury’s distribution network has expanded from 1990 distributors last year to 2100 distributors and 4,50,000 retailers. Beside use of IT to improve logistics, Cadbury is also attempting to improve the distribution quality. To address the issue of product stability, it has installed visi colors at several outlets. This helps in maintaining consumption in summer when sales usually drops due to the fact that the heat affects product quality and thereby off takes. Looking at the low penetration of the chocolate, a distribution expansion would itself being incremental volume. The other reason is arch rival Nestle reaches more than a million retailers. This increase in distribution is going to be accompanied by reduction in channel costs. Cadbury’s marketing costs, at 18% of total costs, is much higher than Nestle’s 12% or even pure sugar confectionery major Parry’s 11%. The company is looking to reduce this parity level. At Cadbury, they believe that selling confectionery is it like selling soft drinks. PROMOTION Findings showed that the adults felt too conscious to be seen consuming a product actually meant for children. The strategic response addresses the emotional appeal of the brand to the child within the adult. Naturally, that produced just the value vacuum that Cadbury was looking to fill. Thereafter it was the job of the advertising to communicate customer the wonderful feeling that he could experience by re-discoursing the careful, unselfish conscious, pleasure – seeking child within him – and graft these feeling onto the Ad campaign like â€Å"Khane Walon Ko Khane Ka Bahana Chahiye† for CMD and â€Å"Thodi Si Pet Pooja – Kabhi Bhi Kahin Bhi† for Perk have been sure shot winner with the audience. Whirl with the new launched temptations with the slogan â€Å"Too Good to Share† the communication resolves around the reluctance of a person who’s got their hand on a bar of temptation to let anyone else to have a bite. As well as outdoor and radio ads, ad agencies have created communications for cinemas and even ATM machines for the brand. All ICICI’s ATM a message flashes on the screen as soon as customer inserts his ATM card. It tells the customer that this would be good time to get out of his temptation since he/she is bound to be alone. In cinemas, Cadbury has a message on-screen just before the lights are dimmed to give them a chance to get their temptations. Products like Eclairs has got potential for much wide distribution, e. g. : in small sweets that airlines, hostels, and up market retail outlet offer to guest and customers. Looking beyond traditional promotional channels, Cadbury’s has also entered promoting its products through the internet. Besides three company websites (i. e. www. cadburyindia. com, www. bournvita. com, www. cadburygift. com) that the company has launched, it has also entered into various marketing relationship with other portals, specially targeted during festivals and events such as Valentine’s Day, etc. Growth Strategy and Market Expansion Cadbury India has launched some of the very creative advertisements over the years, and these ads have been close to Indian ethos. For E. g. the ‘shubh aarambh’ Dairy Milk’s ad which relate to the Indian tradition of having some sweet before doing some important work or ‘kuch meetha ho jaye’ which associated Dairy Milk chocolates with celebratory occasions. Ads like ‘meethe mein kuch meetha ho jaye’ have got a lot of favour with the audience. These ads, in typical Cadbury style, are very heart-warming and creative. If we look through the years, we can clearly see that Cadbury is doing everything possible to maintain a strong hold on the Indian chocolate market. While it remains a dominant leader with over 70% of the market share, this has eroded over the years as competitors like Nestle, Amul and CAMPCO have made strong forays. There was a time before and during the early 90s when Cadbury’s enjoyed an even higher market share. This was the time when chocolates were very clearly positioned for children. However, with the entry of global giant Nestle, two things happened. Firstly, there was a sudden spurt of competition for Cadbury. But more importantly, the market began to grow at a faster pace. Cadbury seized this opportunity and started creating advertisements that were targeted towards the ‘kids in all of us’. This was a very smart move as they already had the children’s segment all tied up. Moreover, the children of the 90s have now grown up, and Cadbury still offers them reasons to eat Dairy Milk. Hence, while their market share has eroded by a few points, Cadbury has significantly improved its revenues in absolute terms by evolving a long term advertising plan and one that is very relevant to the Indian context. With predominantly Indian themes, special moments (remember the girl dancing on the cricket field) and soulful music, Cadbury has really managed to connect with the audience. The recent ‘meethe mein kuch meetha ho jaye’ campaign is simply a continuation of this strategy to expand the market. In conclusion, Cadbury Dairy Milk has managed to take a simple chocolate bar and create numerous associations with it over the years. It has built up different audiences over the years, and to every audience it offers a different meaning but one that is very relevant. Communication Strategy:- Cadbury was the one having 70 % market shares in chocolate industry. Out of which 30% was the Dairy Milk alone. This is because of constant re-invention of the brand bombarding communication towards the consumers consistently to maintain the top position in mind recall in confectionery segment. Dairy Milk was awarded as No. 1most trusted brand in Mumbai 2005 for the edition of Brand Equity’s most trusted Brand Survey. Dairy Milk targeted all the aspects as possible to get into the heart of all the people, ofall age groups. For this they communicated with people through different Ad’s Campaigns. Let us see few of them below: Khane walo KO Khane ka Bahana Chahiye Pappu Paas Ho Gaya Shubh Aarambh was one of successful campaigns of Dairy Milk. This means Auspicious Beginning. With this campaign they said that for whatever you start, start it with Dairy Milk and it will be successful. For this they chose the best to advertise: Amitabh Bacchhan. Marketing Channels Cadbury used different media options to communicate different campaigns and promote their products. They are: Outdoor, Television, Radio, Internet, TV Advertisements is the most popular method for Cadbury to show their new campaigns to people so that they can more and more relate it with their personal lives. They also have ground promotions in different malls. They arrange some contests also to promote their brand. Cadbury’s has also engaged the services of various celebrities including Amitabh Bachan, Preity Zinta, etc. to promote the brand. It has sponsors several events to expand its presence in markets/ areas where it has not penetrated deep enough. Competitor’s Analysis The main competitors in confectionery market are Nestle, Amul , ITC and Parle. Product Feature Nestle Amul Cadbury Market Position 2nd 3rd 1st No. of variants Many Few Many Gift Packs Yes No Yes Objective To be the world’s largest and best branded food manufacturer, whilst ensuring that the brand name Nestle is synonymous with products of the highest quality Confectioneries just happens to be a side business for Amul whose core competency lies in milk and milk products To grow the market for chocolate confectionery To increase share in the snacking sector Strategy Integrated cost leadership/differentiation Wide range of products Low cost of operators No differentiated strategy Growing the market by apt pricing strategy that will create a mass market and to have offerings in every category to widen the market Beside these, substitutes to Cadbury’s offerings include soft drink companies, ice cream companies, gift shops, etc both generic as well as branded. Marketing Environment Analysis Porters 5 forces Analysis: Cadbury free essay sample Cadbury started off in 1824 with 22 year old John Cadbury who opened his first shop in Birmingham, where he sold tea, coffee, mustard and a sideline of cocoa and drinking chocolate. In 1831, he then rented a small factory not far from his shop. He there became a manufacturer of drinking chocolate and cocoa, which set down the foundation for the Cadbury chocolate business. They then expanded and decided to build a factory in Tasmania, Australia. Since then Cadbury has continued expanding and merging with other companies for example, Kraft. In 1967, Cadbury bought MacRobertson Chocolates, which gave the company another major manufacturing base in Australia- Ringwood in Melbourne, Victoria. During 1969, Cadbury then merged with the well-known Australian brand Schweppes, which created the new name Cadbury Schweppes. Cadbury continued expanding when they acquired Red Tulip confectionary in the 1980s, which broadened their range of products especially for Easter specials. In 1995, Cadbury branched off into China and established a factory in the town of Beijing. We will write a custom essay sample on Cadbury or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On 27th February 2009, Cadbury Schweppes Pty Ltd, the well-known confectionary and beverages business, formally separated and continued running as separate companies. Then in April of that year, Cadbury in Australia changed their name back to Cadbury Pty Ltd. A few years later in 2010, Cadbury Australia then became part of Kraft Foods. Who then later changed their name to Modelez International in the October of 2012. Level of Operations and Mechanism Cadbury are a multinational company and operate in many countries throughout the world. They are the second largest confectionary brand in the world. Their head office at the Cadbury House in London, England, and it occupies roughly 84,000 square feet inside the building. Flow Process Chart of Production of Chocolate: Research and Development In 2006, Cadbury opened up their first RD centre in Southeast Asia, seeking to drive growth in their market. In that year they spend $78 million dollars on RD expenses. Not long after that the in 2012, in Bournville a developmental kitchen and testing lab were built. This RD building will also be used for developing new products throughout Cadbury. In 2012, a lot of Cadbury’s RD money went into designing a chocolate bar that doesn’t melt even at 40-degree heat. This may coast a lot of money to research and have trial tastings, but when the outcome came good, they then opened up a whole new market to themselves as they could now sell chocolate in the warm-weather countries that lack the supply-chain infrastructure to deliver conventional chocolate to the market. Quality Assurance Cadbury monitor their production processes to ensure that all their products are produced with high quality and meet the needs of consumers needs. If they don’t view and meet consumer’s needs, the customer could loose interest if their demands are not met or acknowledged. To enforce all of this, Cadbury have supervisors who monitor the company’s machines, and also other workers and the products they are producing. Total quality management ensures that their products produce good taste to the consumer and are appealing. Also ensures that customer complaints are solved etc. Throughout the production and distribution of Cadbury chocolate (Flow chart) there are many critical control points, involving temperature and time. From the consistency of the mixture, to the temperatures when tempering and also transporting the molds, there are many times where Cadbury workers have to monitor and do regular sampling to ensure their consumers are getting the best quality and consistent chocolate bars by Cadbury. Consumer Influences Cadbury believe responding to their customer’s demands and requests will continue to keep them up in the top third of the confectionary market. Also bringing out new products and giving the consumers a variety to choose from will allow them to not get bored of Cadbury and continue to support them. Cadbury recently decreased the size of their chocolate bars but kept the same prices for all even though they lost 4 grams of chocolate as they brought out their new innovation of ‘curved bars’. But a year or so later they responded to consumers and increased it again by 10% due to all the feedback they were receiving. Impact on the Environment As one of Australia’s most loved brands, Cadbury are very committed to environmental sustainability. They have joined forces with the Red Group and Coles to recover and recycle plastic bags and their packaging to reduce the environmental impact of plastics. They have recently set up an idea of using the recycled packaging from The Natural Confectionary Company, Cadbury milk blocks, bars and share packages and other shopping bags and food packaging, and using it all to create furniture, which would then be donated to volunteer organisations in need. Between 2006-09, Cadbury took on a water efficient production process, which reduced their water consumption by 17%. In that time they also reduced their carbon emissions by 3%. Impact on the Economy In Australia, Cadbury own roughly 35% of the local confectionary market. Worldwide, Cadbury works around 35000 direct and indirect suppliers, to create their products and to ensure that all aspects of the business are running smoothly and to standard. As levels of production increased each year for Cadbury, they noticed their annual revenue was also showing significant increases. In 2008, Cadburys annual revenue was $985 million. Cadburys CEO, Todd Stitzer has an annual salary of $1,834,877, with added bonuses sometimes which boost his income up even more. In 2008, there was a strong growth in the markets for Cadbury in the Asia Pacific region. In New Zealand and Australia the revenue grew overall, which then increased competition for them. There was a good growth in all three of their categories, with chocolate being the biggest growth of 7%, candy was 5% and gum was 2%. This shows Cadbury’s dominance in the market and Australian Food Industry, which then overall increases both profits and working opportunities. A chocolate bar accounts for 42% of the total confectionary market, 26% is chocolate blocks, and 10% is boxed chocolates, which then roughly adds up to roughly two thirds of the confectionary market. For market growth to occur there needs to be population growth and competitive pricing. Consumer’s interests have to be constantly motivated which will increase sales growth in the Australian Food Industry. A wide range of confectionary is regularly imported into Australia at 5% tariff rate, and around 1999-2000 confectionary imports were as high as $213 million. Cadbury is one of the highest suppliers in Australia being 35% of the market share, making them a dominant supplier. Ingredients are imported to Australia, and then Cadbury Australia export to Singapore and the Philippines. Impact on Society Cadbury recognise and take responsibility that what is does as a business impacts on both communities and the lives of their consumers. They tend take their corporate and social responsibility seriously. Cadbury have said they offer their employees nothing but respect and cared for their welfare. Cadbury offer jobs to people all over the world and have roughly 110,000 employs working throughout the many factories they have. As a business Cadbury believe in respecting human rights and trading ethically in the way they work, not just within their little operations but also how they interact with the wider value chain. Good ethics and good business go together naturally to produce the best long-term effects for their workers and also consumers. Career Opportunities and Working Conditions Modelez are a global team of 110,000 colleagues working in 165 countries. They help create and grow some of the world’s most iconic brands such as Cadbury and Oreo biscuits. They’re a big company and every colleague maters to them. Each and every one of them have the chance to make a mark and be recognised. But Cadbury by themselves is a major global confectionary company who employ 50,000 staff worldwide. They value their people and believe in inspiring each other to achieve greater things, and making the most of ones capabilities. Cadbury offer careers across a broad range of professional fields and cater for learning and the development of skills people have to advance in their careers with them. Career opportunities include within Cadbury: Sales (including Territory Managers and Merchandisers) Supply Chain Finance Commercial/Marketing Science and Technology Payroll Administrative Human Resources Information Technology Legal Field Manager

What Is a Cover Page For a Research Paper?

What Is a Cover Page For a Research Paper?What is a cover page for a research paper? The cover page should contain the title of the paper, the author's name, the paper's title, and the URL of the actual paper. Some universities have separate covers for each paper, while others allow only a single page to be used for the cover page.The title of the paper is the first thing that should be written on the cover page. It should be the first sentence of the paper and it should be in plain language. The title should be informative, rather than simply an advertisement. It is also important that the title of the paper is descriptive, rather than solely descriptive.The author's name is the second sentence of the cover page. This is usually found at the top of the paper. It should state who wrote the paper and why it is important. When possible, the author's name should appear within the body of the paper itself.The paper's title is the third sentence and it describes the title of the paper. It should describe the paper's main theme and describe the topic and purpose of the paper in as much detail as possible. Using big words in the title is acceptable, but it is best to keep the language simple and to avoid using more than one word per sentence.The URL of the research paper should be included at the bottom of the cover page. It should be the same length as the title and it should include a space between the 'http' and the paper's title. Since the URL of the paper is the URL of the website that the paper is posted on, it is important that the URL of the website is linked to the paper's URL.If the paper has no web address, it should be written with a forward or byline. It should identify the researcher by name and by the title of the paper. An unreadable, poorly-written byline will not accomplish the purpose of creating a link back to the paper's website.The URL of the website where the paper is posted should be written directly below the paper's title. A space should be l eft in between the paper's title and the URL. This is especially true if the paper has a URL that has special characters such as ö or à.Since the URL of the website is the site where the paper is posted, it is best to make sure that the URL is well-written and easy to read. Many authors use HTML or XHTML for their website, so the authors' titles and URLs should also be kept HTML- or XHTML-compatible.

How to Combine Prompts

How to Combine PromptsCollege essay writing is the way that many students spend their time after completing their courses. There are millions of students who pass through the same programs, graduating from college at the same time. If you want to get your name in the paper or even be noticed in the college entrance examination, you must always have a good quality essay on your hands.The first thing you need to do before going on to college essay writing is to find out how to combine prompts properly. This can be done in two ways. You could either get into a college where the requirements for completion are usually set by the faculty, or you could use the Internet and try to get yourself a great requirement list from some of the well-known essay writers in the country.These prompts often give top answers to specific questions that you need to answer. With this, you can easily begin with your research on the subject matter in question. If you have only a general idea about the subject, it will be difficult for you to come up with some good papers. Make sure that you pick the best prompts that fit into your abilities in writing.If you are able to find the right kind of prompts, you will also need to look for the right kind of materials. If you have all the basic know-how to write about a certain subject, you can always go ahead and take some of the prompts that are easy to understand and are based on the subject that you wish to write about. To make it easier for you, you can always get hold of some basic information regarding the topic in question and then use that to choose your ideal prompts.You need to pay attention to the rules of grammar and style when it comes to how to combine prompts. You need to make sure that you follow the conventions that are imposed by the grammar and style guidelines on theInternet so that you will be able to keep up with the requirements of the college writing course that you choose.Of course, you also need to come up with your own writing style. The formatting guidelines that are included in the prompts are based on the way you would like to format your writing. The prompt that is required to appear on the second page will be different from the one that appears on the first page. This is because the first page is normally used for the introduction and the first paragraph is usually used for the conclusion.These are some of the tips that you need to learn while you are going through how to combine prompts to write a good essay. Whatever prompts you will end up getting, make sure that you work hard on making it as a good quality essay as possible.