How to Write the Seven Deadly Sins in Japanese Kanji

The seven deadly sins are a Western concept rather than Japanese. They are abuses or excesses of drives everyone experiences but may lead to serious transgressions if they are not kept in check. These symbols in Japanese kanji script are popular for tattoos. Hubris - Pride (Kouman) Pride in a negative sense is feeling superior and more important than others, putting your own desires above those of any other person. It has traditionally been listed as the most serious sin. In modern thinking, a narcissist would be guilty of hubris. The proverb, Pride goeth before destruction, a haughty spirit before a fall, is used to show that reckless disregard of others can lead to serious actions and crimes. For example, rape is thought to be stem from the sin of hubris more than from lust, as it is placing the rapists desires above any consequences for the victim. Opposite virtue: humility. Greed (Donyoku)   Desiring to acquire more and more earthly treasure can lead to unethical methods of obtaining them. Excessive pursuit of wealth is a deadly sin. Opposite virtue: charity or generosity. Envy (Shitto)   Wanting what others have can lead to hostility towards other people as well as to  perform unethical actions to take it from them. Envy can target more than possessions or wealth, including envying someones beauty or ability to make friends. If you cant have what they have, you dont want them to have it, either. Opposite virtue: kindness Wrath (Gekido)   Excessive anger can lead to violence as well as non-violent but destructive actions. It has a scope from simple impatience to violent revenge. Opposite virtue: patience Lust (Nikuyoku) Lust is allowing sexual attraction to get out of control and lead you to have sex outside of marriage or other committed relationship. It also can be an unbridled desire in general, always wanting more. Opposite virtue: chastity Gluttony (Boushoku) Gluttony is eating and drinking too much, including drunkenness. It can be consuming more of any resource than is needed and being wasteful. In addition to being self-destructive, this can deprive others of what they need. Opposite virtue: temperance Sloth (Taida) Laziness and inaction can lead to failing to address problems until it is too late. Sloth is not doing the things that you should be doing, ignoring duties and procrastinating. Opposite virtue: diligence The Seven Deadly Sins Manga Series This manga series began publication in October 2012, written and illustrated by Nakaba Suzuki. It has been developed into a television anime and published in English. The Seven Deadly Sins are Holy Knights who were brutal criminals with the symbols of beasts carved onto their bodies. These are: Meliodas - the Dragon Sin of Anger  Ã£Æ' ¡Ã£Æ' ªÃ£â€š ªÃ£Æ'€ã‚ ¹Diane - the Snake Sin of Envy  Ã£Æ'‡ã‚ £Ã£â€š ¢Ã£Æ' ³Ã£Æ'Å'Ban - the Fox Sin of Greed  Ã£Æ' Ã£Æ' ³King - the Bear Sin of Sloth  Ã£â€š ­Ã£Æ' ³Ã£â€š °Gowther - the Goat Sin of Lust  Ã£â€š ´Ã£â€š ¦Ã£â€š »Ã£Æ' «Merlin - the Boar Sin of Gluttony  Ã£Æ'žãÆ' ¼Ã£Æ' ªÃ£Æ' ³Escanor - the Lions Sin of Pride  Ã£â€š ¨Ã£â€š ¹Ã£â€š «Ã£Æ'ŽãÆ' ¼Ã£Æ' «

How Plagiarism Affect Student s Life - 1270 Words

How Many Different Ways of Plagiarism Will Affect Student s Life Generally, plagiarizing is explained as peering other author’s opinions. It breaks the rules of conventions such as originated text and author’s thoughts. Also, plagiarizing lessens the author’s security to hold their property. So, plagiarized essay is not writer’s own possession (Nall, Gherwash, N.D). On the other hand, many students resort to misconduct. This can be resulted in punishments if they would not stop using doing it. A consequence of unconscious work encourages them to view the author’s genuine text or opinions as unimportant as they write. According to Plagiarism, Authorships and the Academic Death Penalty (as cited in Nall, Gherwash Moore, 1995), this trend of unawareness can be shown by the lower-proficiency writers. While they are paraphrasing, some these students might write word to word without changing words. Furthermore, although they use some original articles, they will forget to put quotation marks or citations (Nall, Gherwash, N.D). Authors, Pat Currie and Alastair Penny Cook, said that English learners tend to choose any information to merge into their assignments, perhaps unconsciously. To plagiarize allows them to write easily without concerning their language acquisition. However, some students might have never heard that this habit is a fraudulent act of plagiarism in North America universities. If the Different effects of plagiarism 2 studentsShow MoreRelatedInternet Plagiarism Essay1355 Words   |  6 PagesI. Introduction Many students when given assignments or resources go to the Internet , copy and paste . Most of them don ¡Ã‚ ¦t know that ¡Ã‚ ¦s called plagiarizing and that it ¡Ã‚ ¦s ethically wrong. In the following report I will discuss the problem of Internet Plagiarism, the problems affect on teachers and students as well as solutions to detect this problem. II. 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Reducing Obesity Starts at School Essay Example For Students

Reducing Obesity Starts at School Essay Obesity in the United States has been deemed a critical public health threat (Wang et al. , 2008, p. 620) for three reasons. First, overweight children are more likely to grow up to be overweight or obese adults. Second, Obesity among adults causes health related problems such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, stroke, several cancers, and other health related issues hat can result in premature death. Third, in 2000, the United States spent 5117 billion dollars towards obesity (Wang et al. , 2008, p. 620). Considering this chain of events often begins in childhood, reducing obesity in children could dramatically change the frequency of obesity in the future. Jamie Oliver, celebrity chef and advocate for stopping the obesity crisis, (2010) suggests that the frequency of obesity in children is related to three main external factors: the home, the school and, what he refers to as Main Street- corporations and businesses in the food industry. In the united States, it is estimated that 31 million children each day each breakfast, lunch or both at school and spend halt of their days of the year there (Oliver, 2010). This substantial amount of time spent and meals eaten at school indicates the vast impact the school has on children, Obesity, in simple terms, is essentially caused by a caloric imbalance, where greater quantities of calories are consumed than are expended (Tool, Anderson, Miller, Guthrie, 2007), Preventing obesity amounts to controlling calorie consumption and increasing calorie expenditure. Therefore, food and hysterical activity programs implemented in schools are the most effective ways to change the frequency of obesity in children. As a result, these programs need to be encouraged in order to make a substantial change on the obesity crisis. The School Breakfast Program (SSP) is a federally subsidized meal plan in the United States that provides breakfast to an estimated ICC million children each day (Story, Nanny, Schwartz, 2009), which are primarily from low-income families. Meals provided as part Of SSP must meet a criterion Of nutritional content in order for a school to be financially reimbursed (Story, et al. 2009). In a study of over 2000 students, ranging from grades one to 12, it was found that a student who ate a school breakfast on a daily basis would have an expected body mass index (IBM) of 0. 75 lower than a student who did not (Gleason Dodd, 2009), which on a 5-foot child is a difference of 4 lbs (Gleason Dodd, 2009). Another study found that Sap le ads to better dietary habits, with a decrease in the percentage of calories from fat and a decrease in the likelihood of low nutrient intake. (Patriarchy, Currie, Header, 2006). As evidenced in these studies, SSP is an effective method for schools to adopt in attempting to crease students Bums. Schools adoptions of food programs has proven to decrease Bums in students who participate in these programs but in order to make a greater impact, further efforts need to be made. Voodoo and beverages sold in schools can be classified in two categories: federal food programs, or competitive foods (Story et al. , 2009). Competitive foods can be found inside and outside of school cafeterias such as vending machines or school stores (Storey et al. , 2003). Since these foods are outside Of the federal food programs, they are not regulated for nutritional intent. While students are being told in classrooms to eat healthily, they are receiving inconsistent messages when unhealthy foods are available to them at schools (Tool et al. , 2007). By incorporating the nutritional standards of food programs to encapsulate all food sold in schools, competitive foods could still be sold provided they meet a certain nutritional standard. This would give children a wider variety of healthier foods and eliminate the temptation to choose unhealthy alternatives. .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 , .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 .postImageUrl , .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 , .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898:hover , .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898:visited , .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898:active { border:0!important; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898:active , .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898 .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7f8a824f1f3e1fe3533d5c8ac847d898:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Invisible Man Analysis EssaySchools can do more than adopt food programs to decrease obesity amongst their students. By combining physical activity with healthy eating, the effectiveness of their efforts could be largely increased. A survey of 5200 fifth graders found lower Bums among students who went to schools that participated in both Todd and physical activity programs compared to those who did not (Buglers, Fitzgerald, 2005). Not only does physical activity improve childrens physical health, but it can also improve their concentration in the classroom (Story, Spankings, French, 2006), Story et al. Argue (2006) that allowing students to take recess breaks can he lp them pay better attention in class, making class earning more effective. Along with preventing and reversing obesity, children benefit from physical activity academically as well. Along with food programs, physical activity needs to be promoted more in schools. The National Association for Sport and Physical Education states that there in no incentive for schools to Offer physical education, mainly because there is no federal law requiring it (in Story, et al. , 2009). Lee, Burgeon, Fulton, and Spain report, only 4 percent Of elementary schools, 8 percent Of middle and junior high schools, and 2 percent of high schools provide daily physical education (as cited in Storey, et al. , 2009, p. 85). As long as there continues to be no daily or weekly physical activity requirements set by governments for schools, change will only result if individual schools decide they want to offer more physical education. Although some might argue that physical education could negatively affect students academically, this has proven to not be the case. Trusted and Shepherd argue that taking away up to an hour from other subjects does not harm students academic performance (as cited in Story, et al. , 2009). Dave Owen (2007) states, many schools just scant provide gym classes the way hey once did. Our schools are normally overcrowded now days so the gymnasium needs to perform as the lunchroom, Owen is overlooking that even it school minimums are being used at lunchtime as space for children to eat in, that time is not interfering with gym classes. Class time runs before and after lunchtime, therefore, even it space is an issue in schools, humanism can be used for both purposes without impeding on each other. Introducing physical education into the mandatory curriculum of schools would be extremely beneficial Since it does not impose on academic achievement or spatial ministrations in schools, more schools should be voluntarily adopting some form of physical activity. By educating schools on the importance of physical activity and the benefits children receive from it, perhaps more schools will decide to incorporate it into their programs. If this is unsuccessful, government regulation of physical activity in schools may be necessary in order to have all schools participate. The obesity crisis is worsening and needs to be addressed immediately. The studies referred to herein hue proven how easy and effective certain programs could be. Both food and physical activity programs in schools have proven to be significantly associated With lower BUMS. If this trend were to continue, the frequency of obesity in children would be expected to decrease. Ideally. Schools would implement these programs on their own initiative, but since childhood obesity is a rapidly growing crisis, government intervention may be necessary if schools do not decide to do so independently. By addressing childhood obesity now, schools are positively affecting the future, Through leading by example, schools can encourage the rest of society to fix their poor health habits, stopping the obesity crisis entirely.

The War Of 1812 Was Fought Between The United States And Great Britain

The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and Great Britain from June 1812 to the spring of 1815, although the peace treaty ending the war was signed in Europe in December 1814. The main land fighting of the war occurred along the Canadian border, in the Chesapeake Bay region, and along the Gulf of Mexico; there was also fighting that took place at sea. There were many reasons for the Americans to go to war with the British. From the end of the American Revolution in 1783, the United States had been irritated by the failure of the British to withdraw from American territory along the Great Lakes, their backing of the Indians on America's frontiers, and their unwillingness to sign commercial agreements favorable to the United States. American resentment grew during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars, in which Britain and France were the two main countries. In time, France came to dominate much of Europe, while Britain remained the supreme naval force on the seas. The two countries also fought each other commercially: Britain attempted to blockade the continent of Europe, and France tried to prevent the sale of British goods in French possessions. French and British maritime policies produced several crises with the United States, but after 1803 the difficulties became much more serious. The British Orders in Council of 1807 declared that anyone who trades with the French would have their ships seized, and France's Berlin and Milan decrees of 1806 and 1807 declared that anyone who trades with the British would have their ships seized by the French. The United States believed its rights on the seas as a neutral country were being violated by both France and England, but British maritime policies were resented more because Britain dominated the seas. Also, the British claimed the right to take from American merchant ships any British sailors who were serving on them. Frequently, they also took Americans. This practice of became a major grievance of the Americans. The United States at first attempted to change the policies of the European powers by economic means. In 1807, after the British H.M.S. Leopard fired on the American ship called the Chesapeake, President Thomas Jefferson Congress to pass an Embargo Act, banning all American ships from foreign trade. The Embargo Act failed to change British and French policies, but devastated New England shipping. Failing in peaceful efforts and facing an economic depression, some Americans began to argue for a declaration of war to redeem the national honor. The Congress that was elected in 1810 and met in November 1811 included a group known as the War Hawks who demanded war against Great Britain. These men were mostly from the West and South. Among their leaders were John C. Calhoun of South Carolina, Henry Clay of Kentucky, and Felix Grundy of Tennessee. They argued that American honor could be saved and British policies changed by an invasion of Canada. The Federalist Party, representing New England shippers who foresaw the ruination of their trade, opposed war. Napoleon's announcement in 1810 of the revocation of his decrees was followed by British refusals to repeal their orders, and pressures for war increased. On June 18, 1812, President James Madison signed a declaration of war that Congress, with substantial opposition, had passed at his request. Unknown to Americans, Britain had finally, two days earlier, announced that it would revoke its order. U.S. forces were not ready for war, and American hopes of conquering Canada collapsed in the campaigns of 1812 and 1813. The initial plan called for a three-pronged attack: from Lake Champlain to Montreal, across the Niagara frontier, and into Upper Canada from Detroit. The attacks were uncoordinated and all failed. In the West, General William Hull surrendered Detroit to the British in August 1812. On the Niagara front, American troops lost the Battle of Queenston Heights in October. Along Lake Champlain the American forces withdrew in late November without seriously engaging the enemy. American ships won a series of single-ship engagements with British ships, and American privateers continually bothered British shipping. The captains and crew of the ships Constitution and United States became renowned throughout America. Meanwhile, the British gradually tightened a blockade around America's coasts, ruining American trade, threatening American finances, and exposing the entire

Lenovo Challenge Essay Sample free essay sample

What challenges did Lenovo face after the acquisition? The rise of Lenovo is based on two factors-internal and external. Internally. China opens her market and allows personal concern turning. Externally. U. S. and Japan leads the planetary selling and fabrication scheme. China has luck to plays an of import function in this industrial windstorm. Nowadays. Chinese company could raise enormous capital from its domestic market and put in oversea concern. such as Geely Automobile acquired Volvo. Lenovo is the innovator of such investing. And Lenovo show a good illustration that Chinese company and entrepreneurs could play globally. and play reasonably. It is merely 30 old ages that China opens her market. Although Chinese people and concern adult male have experience of planetary trading historically. the universe seems unusual after the state enduring 20 old ages war clip and 20 old ages political motion. The entrepreneurs need to larn the regulations of modern concern. And they need to larn how to run concern globally and survive from the rough competition. We will write a custom essay sample on Lenovo Challenge Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In amount. the capableness of the Management of Legend decides if Lenovo could last after the acquisition. It seems they did a good occupation during the last 9 old ages since 2004. at least. better than Dell. But to me. it is non good plenty. Challenge 1: Whether Lenovo could last from the cultural and operational merge? Answer: Yes. Due to the less channel difference ( Lenovo focuses on desktop. IBM focuses on Laptop ) . there is so less struggle in operation. Like the article cites: It is a lucifer made in Eden. And fortunately and respectfully. Lenovo adopt IBM direction without give major replacing for planetary concern. In other universes. Lenovo embrace American civilization and regulations for the company. It is wise but riskily. There are failure illustrations. such as TCL ( a Chinese transnational electronics company. In 2010 it was the world’s sixth-largest telecasting manufacturer ) went on escapades in Europe. but non rather success. The chief ground is the direction in Europe doesn’t work good with China head one-fourth. Lenovo moves its head one-fourth to New York State. It is a cardinal point of success. Basically. I guess Lenovo learnt from TCL and don’t want to lose the control of oversea direction. ( 12 hours of clip difference between US and China ) . It will supply Management of caput one-fourth a quicker and accurate judgement based on the selling motions ( U. S. is the chief market and way of laptop gross revenues ) . And how Lenovo survived from the civilization unifying? Lenovo gives its reply: â€Å"trust the other person† . Possibly due to the long term of IBM’s investing of industry in China. or history of Lenovo’s distributing of imported computing machines. the two combined Management didn’t have excessively much problem in working together. And they have one united end: to go better. Challenge 2: Whether the invention would decelerate down. quality would endure? Answer: No. The invention remains an acceptable velocity to run into industrial criterion. The quality doesn’t go down. but goes up. The increasing portion of Lenovo shows that the quality is accepted by consumer in marketing wise. Right now. Lenovo push its new merchandise â€Å"Yoga† . which is a taking construct in laptop. It has touch screen. high criterion constellation. Furthermore. Yoga can be folded 180 grade to organize a tablet. Lenovo continues IBM’s taking invention in laptops. I still retrieve the commercial that a truck runs over a Think tablet. and the laptop is still working! IBM uses to be the manner of laptop. It uses to be the most sure laptop chasing by concern individual. However. Lenovo meets Steve Jobs. And the ulterior one alterations everything. Right now. iMac dominates the part. Lenovo needs a interior decorator. or a leader to construct a light weight. lasting usage laptop to vie with iMac. It takes clip. But Lenovo has to make that. O therwise. it will stop up every bit Dell. Challenge 3: Whether the local trade name Legend could win credence of planetary market? Answer: Yes. The article spends a batch of paragraph on the trade name edifices. the schemes and hazards of Lenovo. It seems Lenovo did a good occupation. The replies are likewise to the first challenges. However. credence is non equal to urge. As I noticed in US market. HP. Dell. and Apple are still major participants. Maybe it is difficult for a foreign company to construct trade name value inside US comparing with domestic company. However. two things need to be done to do the alteration – a higher public presentation of laptop than industry degree ; a competitory monetary value. Possibly it is clip to near the 4th strategy- Lexus/ Toyota scheme. If it is so difficult to draw up the whole trade name value. it is easier to construct a luxury trade name. A trade name represents luxury manner and concentrate on concern section. The trade name will be brought out to vie with iMac straight. I am non certain Think tablet is a good campaigner. But Yoga is a good measure frontward.

Weight Definition in Science

Weight Definition in Science The everyday definition of weight is a measure of how heavy a person or object it. However, the definition is slightly different in science. Weight is the name of the force exerted on an object due to the acceleration of gravity. On Earth, weight is equal to the mass times the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/sec2 on Earth). Key Takeaways: Weight Definition in Science Weight is the product of mass multiplied by acceleration acting on that mass. Usually, its an objects mass multiplied by the acceleration due to gravity.On Earth, mass and weight have the same value and units. However, weight has a magnitude, like mass, plus a direction. In other words, mass is a scalar quantity while weight is a vector quantity.In the United States, the pound is a unit of mass or weight. The SI unit of weight is the newton. The cgs unit of weight is the dyne. Units of Weight In the United States, the units of mass and weight are the same. The most common unit of weight is the pound (lb). However, sometimes the poundal and slug are used. The poundal is the force needed to accelerate a 1-lb mass at 1 ft/s2. The slug is the mass that is accelerated at 1 ft/s2 when 1 pound-force is exerted upon it. One slug is the equivalent of 32.2 pounds. In the metric system, units of mass and weight are separate. The SI unit of weight is the newton (N), which is 1 kilogram meter per second squared. It is the force required to accelerate a 1-kg mass 1 m/s2. The cgs unit of weight is the dyne. The dyne is the force needed to accelerate a mass of one gram at the rate of one centimeter per second squared. One dyne equals exactly 10-5 newtons. Mass vs Weight Mass and weight are easily confused, especially when pounds are used! Mass is a measure of the quantity of matter contained in an object. It is property of matter and does not change. Weight is a measure of the effect of gravity (or other acceleration) upon an object. The same mass can have a different weight depending on the acceleration. For example, a person has the same mass on the Earth and on Mars, yet weighs only about one-third as much on Mars. Measuring Mass and Weight Mass is measured on a balance by comparing a known amount of matter (a standard) against an unknown amount of matter. Two methods may be used to measure weight. A balance may be used to measure weight (in units of mass), however, balances wont work in the absence of gravity. Note a calibrated balance on the Moon would give the same reading as one on Earth. The other method of measuring weight is the spring scale or pneumatic scale. This device accounts for the local force of gravity upon an object, so a spring scale can give a slightly different weight for an object at two locations. For this reason, scales are calibrated to give the weight an object would have at nominal standard gravity. Commercial spring scales must be re-calibrated when they are moved from one location to another. Weight Variance Across the Earth Two factors change weight at different locations on the Earth. Increasing altitude decreases weight because it increases the distance between a body and the mass of the Earth. For example, a person who weighs 150 pounds at sea level would weigh about 149.92 pounds at 10,000 feet above sea level. Weight also varies with latitude. A body weighs slightly more at the poles than at the equator. In part, this is due to the bulge of the Earth near the equator, which puts objects at the surface slightly further from the center of mass. The difference in centrifugal force at the poles compared to the equator also plays a role, where centrifugal force acts perpendicular to the axis of the Earths rotation. Sources Bauer, Wolfgang and Westfall, Gary D. (2011).  University Physics with Modern Physics. New York: McGraw Hill. p.  103.  ISBN  978-0-07-336794-1.Galili, Igal (2001). Weight versus gravitational force: historical and educational perspectives. International Journal of Science Education. 23: 1073. doi:10.1080/09500690110038585Gat, Uri (1988). The weight of mass and the mess of weight. In Richard Alan Strehlow (ed.). Standardization of Technical Terminology: Principles and Practice – second volume. ASTM International. pp. 45–48. ISBN 978-0-8031-1183-7.Knight, Randall D. (2004). Physics for Scientists and Engineers: a Strategic Approach. San Francisco, USA: Addison–Wesley. pp. 100–101. ISBN 0-8053-8960-1.Morrison, Richard C. (1999). Weight and gravity - the need for consistent definitions. The Physics Teacher. 37: 51. doi:10.1119/1.880152

A paper about the concept of God Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A paper about the concept of God - Essay Example In this essay, the ideas of several thinkers will be examined, incorporating the 'positive' and 'negative' dimensions attributed to a divine being. But everything hinges on personal belief in a deity and why people believe, when proof of a divine existence seems to defy logic. "Theism is the view that god is unlimited with regard to knowledge (omniscience), power (omnipotence), extension (omnipresence) and moral perfection; and is the creator and sustainer of the universe." (Morley, 2006) In the historical context, beginning with Plato, we see that within the Platonic concept, he considered god to be all these things, a perfect being, good, rational and unchangeable (immutable). The last quality described as negative, but if god is omnipotent, then he can stay unchanged no matter what. Aristotle agreed with the perfection and immutable concepts, for if god is perfect, he stays that way, so is unchanging, which also makes him eternal. He considered that god gave order to the world; he does not care what goes on there, being an unmoved mover. Yet in his Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle speaks with great authority, and so much rationality, when he says that the desired state of happiness is only achieved by virtue, being good, thinking good and doing good, for its own sake. He says of happiness: "..or comes in virtue of some divine providence.Now if there is any gift of the gods to men, it is reasonable that happiness should be god-given" (Aristotle, 350BC, Bk. 1. Chapter 9) This appears to contradict his idea that god cares nothing, if he is giving his creations gifts. Aristotle also seems to suggest god's sovereign, supreme power that impacts on the idea of free will. Problems arise when we see the world changing and events occurring that appear to deny the sovereignty. It calls into question the goodness and perfection of a god who allows evil to co-exist within his creation. The idea of him having charge over our fate raises another question as to why we have free will to do evil - go against god's will. In doing right, we move towards god, but wrong take us away from him, and we are responsible for that, not god. But repentance and salvation can bring us closer once more, ideas that are the bedrock of the Biblical, Hebrew and Christian concepts of god. This is a comfort to those who believe. St. Anselm, in the 11th century, is thought by some to have proved god's existence by calling on his perfection, because if he did not exist, he would not be perfect, but because he is perfect, he exists. To deny that is to be illogical. The problem here is how we can know of his perfection, for if we are made in god's image, we are not perfect at all! Augustine (354-430) agreed with many of Aristotle's views but described god as 'simple' meaning he is whole and perfect, indivisible into parts. In revealing himself as Christ, to show his love and connect

Chipotle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Chipotle - Essay Example In addition, Moes South West Grill provides their customers with options to add different types of cheeses or olives to their menu.1 In addition, Moes Southwest Grill usually offers its clients the option of salsa and free chips whereas at Chipotle, customers are not provided which such options. Moes Southwest Grill usually asks its customers after making their orders if they want salsa and chips too to be added. Another advantage of Moes Southwest Grill is that they have more items offered in their menu when compared to Chipotle. One can get nachos at Moes Southwest Grill and not in Chipotle menu. Another thing Moes Southwest Grill offers its customers is the option of free chips and salsa for every customer. Here Chipotle does not do that, they make you pay for chips and salsa. After you create your menus item, they ask you if you wants chips and salsa with your order. Also Moes Southwest Grill has more items to select from like nachos. Currently you cannot get nachos from Chipotle because it is not on their menu. In conclusion, Chipotle usually places emphasis on providing food with integrity. For them to maintain their mission, means they have to secure their suppliers. This will have to be done by increasing their demands for organic ingredients. In addition, they have an option of working directly with the

Context and Discourse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Context and Discourse - Essay Example Such technicians proceed to use this information to create context-aware software. Close attention to these several definitions and explanations might, however, reveal a common ground upon which a universal concept of context might be built. Though context is often used and understood, it is such a broad and encompassing term that it can hardly be properly defined in a sentence or two. Though it deals with the surrounding condition of a situation, those conditions can take the form of several things, and perhaps that is why context shows up in so many disciplines. And, as it regards discourse analysis, it will be seen that reliance upon context is indispensable in gaining a complete and comprehensive understanding of the intricacies of any text, passage, speech, or other of the forms in which discourse presents itself. In education, especially reading, context is tangled up with prior knowledge and schema, and the study of it is in an effort to determine its use in the decoding of passages. Here, context is placed in relation to the written word, and it is defined by one as "the belief-revised integration of the reader's prior knowledge with the reader's internalized (co-)text" (Rappaport, 4). Here co-text refers to written text that surrounds the problematic word or phrase whose meaning the reader currently struggles to decode. In this discipline, experts often refer to "context clues," which direct the student to the passage being read, delineating it as the context. One researcher cites six kinds of context clues in what is known as contextual analysis. Students are expected to gain insight into the text using hints provided by the context, and those hints come in the form of definition clues, synonym or comparison clues, contrast clues, example clues, and explanation clues. In addition to thes e clues from the text, context (as mentioned before) is extended to include inferential clues, which come not from the text being read but from the prior experiences of the reader (Doyle). So that context according to this view has both an internal and external aspect. However, once the text becomes internalized, context may be considered to be in the domain of the mind. In engineering, some consider context a "filter" that determines the meaning to be applied to certain terms or actions in a given situation. In fact, according to Yaser Bishr who seeks to prepare a foundation on which to base a contextual theory of geospatial applications, any definition of context must include such measures as follow. Contexts should define what is common to any input in a given situation. It should be restrictive, in that it allows only certain meanings of any vocabulary involved to actually be admitted as meaning to be derived from the situation. The truth of any statement of fact should depend upon "a collection of assumption which implicitly define context" (Bishr, 2), and all "facts" are understood to be factual only when a context is defined. Therefore, though the statement "all birds can fly" is untrue in Antarctica, it is true in the context of Brazil, where no penguins exist. This view of context also asserts that thought and interpretation across contexts is allowable; however, "when several contexts occur in a discussion, there

Two Wheelers In India Marketing Essay

Two Wheelers In India Marketing Essay Riding a two wheeler gives once a felling of freedom and enjoying the natural beauty. In India two wheelers are generally preferred because of their compact sizes affordable process, low maintenance and easy loan repayment. If we see Indian streets they are generally filled up of two wheelers. The  trend  of  owning  two wheelers  in India is  due  to  a  variety  of  facts.  One  of  the  chief  Ã‚  is  poor  public  transport  in  many  parts  of  India.   Additionally,  two-wheelers  offer  a  great  deal  of  convenience  and mobility for  the Indian  family. India is the third largest producer of Two wheelers in the world it come just next to Japan and China. In last few years the the Indian two-wheelers industry has got spectacular growth. Two wheeler industry in India has a small beginning in early 50s. The Automobile Products of India (API) started manufacturing scooters in the country which was later taken over by Bajaj Auto. Although various government and private enterprises entered the fray for scooters, the only new player that has lasted till today is LML. The motorcycle segment of India was initially dominated by Escorts175cc bike and Enfield 350cc bikes. In mid 80s the two-wheeler market was opened to foreign competition. And the then market leaders Escorts and Enfield were caught unaware by the onslaught of the 100cc  bikes of the four Indo-Japanese joint ventures. With the availability of fuel efficient low power  Ã‚  bikes, demand for this swelled which results in Hero Honda then the only producer of four stroke bikes(100cc category), gaining a top slot. The first Japanese motorcycles were introduced in the early eighties. TVS Suzuki and Hero Honda brought in the first two-stroke and four-stroke engine motorcycles respectively.   TVS Suzuki and Hero Honda initially started with assembly of CKD kits which later on progressed to indigenous manufacturing. In the 90s the Japanese motorcycles has brought in major growth for motorcycle segment , which grew at a  rate of nearly 25% CAGR in the last  five years. The motorcycle industry had a smooth ride in the 50s, 60s and 70s when the Government has prohibited new entries and controlled capacity expansion strictly. In 80s the industry saw a sudden growth and a peak volume of 1.9 mn vehicles. The entire automobile industry saw a drastic fall in demand in the year 1990 which resulted in decline of demand by 15% in 1991 and 8% in 1992, resulting in a production loss of 0.4mn vehicles. Hero Honda showed a marginal decline in 1992 and all the major producers suffered from recession in Fy 1993-1994. The reasons for recession in the sector were high input costs , incessant rise in fuel prices and reduced purchasing power of the people due to significant rise in gen eral price level and credit crunch was there consumer financing. Later with development of economic situation, sales of  two wheeler increased increased.   In the last eight to ten years, the two-wheeler  market has witnessed a shift from scooters to motorcycles. Particularly in the rural areas, consumers have started preferring sturdier bikes to withstand the bad road conditions. Key Factors affecting sales of Motorcycles: The various factors which effect the sales of motorcycles are Petrol Prices- As they determine the running cost of the vehicles so change in the pricing policy of Government of India will have an impact on two wheelers sales. Improvement in disposable income certainly play a multiplier effect on the demands of consumer durables. Ease on the availability of credits will leads to increase in demand of two wheelers. Key players in  the Two-wheeler Industry: There are many two-wheeler manufacturers in India the major players are as follows: Hero Honda Motors Ltd (HHML) -Bajaj Auto Ltd (Bajaj Auto) and -TVS Motor  Company Ltd (TVS) Kinetic Motor Company Ltd(KMCL),     Yamaha  Motors  India  Ltd(Yamaha), Royal Enfield Ltd (REL) and Honda Motorcycle Scooter India (P) Ltd  (HMSI). Various bikes models: 100 cc bikes segment: The bikes in this segment are generally simple and are not much expensive and their main target customers are middle income people. These bikes consume less fuel as they have 100 cc motor and they are suitable for travelling longer distance. The bikes in 100 cc are most rightly can be said as value for money. The various competing bikes in this segment are : -Bajaj Discover  100, Bajaj Platina 100, Hero Honda Passion Plus, -Hero Honda Splendor Plus and Yamaha Crux TVS STAR City We are going to compare the following mentioned models: Bajaj Discover  100 Hero Honda Splendor Plus Yamaha Crux TVS Centra Bajaj Discover 100 Brand Name Bajaj Discover Parent Company Bajaj Auto Category Motorcycle Sector Two-wheeler Automobile Tagline/ Slogan Discover India with the power of 1 litre USP It give good mileage Brand Ambassador Evolution: Bajaj Discover is a motorcycle brand owned by Bajaj Auto in India. It was launched in 2004 and since then it was a huge success in two wheeler segment and can be rightly called commuters bike. It has a 2nd generation DTS- Si four stroke engine. Discover provides high power and high torque which is able to produce up to 7500 rpm and torque of 5000 rpm. Bajaj has launched 100cc Discover DTS-Si which has 2nd generation engine and provide an average of 75km/hr on road speed in city and 83km/hr on highways and being termed as long distance Bike. It has 5 transmission gears to provide constant transmission. The Bajaj Discover DTS-Si will be available in four colour i.e red, blue, deep black and green. Bajaj Discover DTS-Si 100cc has unmatched durability as all the other Discover  bikes in india. Some of the premium design features of this motorcycle are LED tail-lamp, alloy wheels and an all black presentation with attractive chrome styling elements. This newly launched Bajaj two-wheeler is packed to deliver unmatched performance through polycot piston with the sturdy Discover format and yielding complete comfort varied features like ergonomically designed seats.   Features: Electric start system Longest wheelbase in the entire segment Full DC electrical system Auto choke that helps in easy starting Nitrox suspension that makes riding comfortable even on rough roads Maintenance free battery along with charge indicator 5 speed gear box Target Segment: Bajaj Discover is mainly targeting the lower middle class people who look value for money and need a bike that give good mileage and look stylish. Target Group: Youth of middle class in age group of 25-35 years. Positioning: A bike that can be used for exploring new avenues. SWOT ANALYSIS OF BAJAJ DISCOVER SWOT Strength 1.Strong brand name and huge market   2.Excellent distribution through franchisees   3.Most reliable for Indian roads as it requires low maintenance 4.Good mileage Weakness 1. Focuses on just mileage Opportunity 1. Expansion in rural and tier-2 cities   2. Innovations in technology Threats 1. New entrants   2. Competitors   3. Low cost bikes Hero Honda Splendor Brand Name Hero Honda(Hero MotoCorp) Splendor Parent Company Hero Honda Category Motorcycles Sector Two-wheeler Tagline/ Slogan Yaari ki Gaadi; Desh ki dhadkan USP A bike with low maintenance and good mileage Brand Ambassador The largest bike manufacture of country Hero Honda has got super rich and best selling bike in its stable that is  Hero Honda Splendor, the total variant of the brand are 4. Hero Honda has recently upgraded its  Hero Honda Splendor  Super model and the new bike is priced at Rs. 45950 in Delhi. Hero Honda launched its flagship model  Hero Honda Splendor  in the year 1994 and it bring name and fame to the company instantly since the launch. Only after a gap of 6 years,  Hero Honda Splendor  was declared World No. 1 largest selling single two-wheeler model. The basic model of the  Hero Honda Splendor  was having only standard equipment only but technology was mind-blowing as a result the bike made records after records of selling. In the year 2003, Hero Honda upgraded the basic model of  Hero Honda Splendor  and launched a revamped version named as Hero Honda Splendor Plus which also saw a big success. The company announced to sell the basic and improved model side by side but discontinued the former silently after sometime. Now only  Hero Honda Splendor  Plus version is available in market. The  Hero Honda Splendor  Plus is powered by an air cooled, 4 stroke, single cylinder OHC engine with 97.2 cc of displacement. The engine produces peak power of 7.4 bhp at 8,000 rpm and churn peak torque of 7.95 Nm at 5,000 rpm. It uses world class suspension and brakes which can be called as the USP of Hero Honda bikes in India. The new avatar of  Hero Honda Splendor  sports alloy wheels, pass light, helmet lock and handy indicators switch. The company further revamped the  Hero Honda Splendor  brand and launched Hero Honda Splendor Super in the year 2005. It is a bigger machine than its predecessors. The bike is loaded with 125cc, 4-Stroke OHC, Single Cylinder, Air Cooled engine which churns maximum power of 9 bhp at 7,000 rpm while belts out 10.35 Nm of peak torque at 4,000 rpm. Other modifications on this bike include, self start, bigger engine, wider wheelbase and bike weight. The latest offering in the Hero Honda stable is Hero Honda Splendor NXG which was launched in the year 2007. Basically the bike was designed and launched targeting youth thereby more graphics, self start, alloy wheels and sporty look. For the first time in Hero Honda history, it added self start option, after a year of the launch, to an entry-level bike along with black alloy wheels. In addition to this, ne generation Pro Series Engines is incorporated in the  Hero Honda Splendor  NXG. Apart from these, the bike is equipped with new generation digital CDI unit, new design carburetor with TCIS, Halogen bulb Trapeziodal, MFR in headlamp and new style graphics. The bike is again an entry-level bike which comes loaded with 4 stoke, single cylinder OHC, air cooled 97.2cc engine. The engine develops a peak power of 7.8 bhp at 7,500 rpm and generates 8.04 Nm of peak torque at 4,500 rpm. Hero Honda Splendor Mileage, Average and Fuel Economy The  Hero Honda Splendor  series bikes are known for their superb mileage and low maintenance. The  Hero Honda Splendor  Plus gives around 65-70 kmpl. It has got 11 litres of fuel tank capacity along with 1 litre of fuel reserve.  Hero Honda SplendorSuper can give around 63-68 kmpl of mileage. The maximum fuel tank capacity is 12 litres. Whereas  Hero Honda Splendor  NXG has 9.5 litres of fuel tank capacity and 1.8 litres of reserve and you can expect around 70-75 kmpl of fuel economy in city. The all new  Hero Honda Splendor  Pro offers a mileage of 60-70 kmpl in the city roads. The fuel tank present in the new  Hero Honda Splendor  Pro is of 11 ltrs with I ltr of fuel reserve. Hero Honda Splendor Colors The  Hero Honda Splendor  Plus comes in 8 hues like Excellent Blue, Hi Granite Blue, Black With Purple Stripe 1, Black with Purple Stripe 2, Black with Purple Stripe 3, Black with Silver stripe, Cloud Silver and Candy Red. The body colour is painted at fuel tank, front cowl, side panels, rear panels and front fender. Target Segment: Target are the lower middle class people who want bike that give good mileage and look stylish. Target Group: Youth of middle class in age group of 25-35 years. Positioning: A motorcycle for making friends in life. SWOT Strength 1.Strong brand name and huge market   2.Excellent distribution through franchisees   3.Most reliable for Indian roads as it requires low maintenance   4.Good mileage Weakness 1.Focuses on just mileage and no power Opportunity 1. Expansion in rural and tier-2 cities   2. Innovations in technology Threats 1. New entrants   2. Competitors   3. Low cost bikes Yamaha Crux Brand Name Yamaha Crux Parent Company Yamaha Category Motorcycles Sector Two-wheeler Tagline/ Slogan Aapke irade sa mazboot; Yes Yamaha USP Bike which has good mileage Brand Ambassador The  Yamaha Crux  is a 106  cc, single-cylinder  four-stroke  motorcycle made by  India Yamaha Motor. The Crux is designed for Indian and neighboring markets. Its upgraded version is known as the  Yamaha Libero G5. Unlike Libero G5, Crux has round head lights. Although it shares the same engine with Yamaha Libero, Crux is targeted towards the lowest end of the low end segment (100  cc segment) A different version of crux known as crux r was introduced with the same specifications but rectangular headlights. But after it could not make a considerable sales, the production was halted. Yamaha Cruxs 106cc, 4-stroke engine, Strong Frame, attractive style, multi-reflector lights and long seat makes it the comfortable durable 4-stroke commuter bike on the Indian roads. Yamaha Crux is the popular bike with attractive features available in India at affordable price. The mill of the  Yamaha Crux  delivers a top power of 7.6 PS at 7,500 rpm and produces a maximum torque of 7.85 Nm at 6,000 rpm. Yamaha CRUX gives excellent durability that everyone loves it. Crux can carry heavy loads or passengers with smooth move. Yamaha India said that Yamaha Crux will meet all requirement of biker. Lets talk about the  Yamaha Crux price in India  with features and specifications. Yamaha Crux Features 130 dia drum brake. Adjustable shockers. Advanced air cooled 4 stroke engine. Attractive looks. Chrome plated fender. Multi-reflector tail light and head light for better visibility. Target Segment: Middle-class people who want a bike that is stylish and gives a good mileage. Target Group: Youth of middle class in age group of 25-35 years. Positioning: A strong bike which encourages a strong life. SWOT Strength 1.Huge market   2.Excellent distribution through franchisees   3.Good mileage Weakness 1.  Limited market share compared to other leading brands Opportunity 1. Expansion in rural and tier-2 cities   2. Innovations in technology   3.More brand visibility. Threats 1. New entrants   2. Competitors   3. Low cost bikes TVS CENTRA Brand Name TVS CENTRA Parent Company TVS Category Motorcycles Sector Two-wheeler Tagline/ Slogan Inspiration in motion USP Good mileage Brand Ambassador TVS Centra, introduced by TVS Motor Company, is miles ahead than others with its VT-i engines, which digitally control ignition timing, and temperature sensors for optimum fuel efficiency. Its unique friction reduction technology and fuel wastage reduction system is capable of consistently delivering superior mileage. Stunning muscular lines on the fuel tank along with stylish and contemporary body graphics render it a wind-chiseled look. Completing the look is the trapezoidal MFR headlight for excellent visibility. Designed according to bio-mechanics principles, TVS Centra is one of its kind in the category. And last but not the least, the 5-step adjustable rear shock absorbers help to make your ride smooth on any kind of road Like all TVS Motor Company products, TVS Centra too has been engineered and designed keeping in mind extensive customer feedback and changing customer needs. TVS Centra will be the first motorcycle in India that will bundle price, mileage, maintenance, style, reliability, power, ruggedness and ride comfort making it truly a value for money personal transportation two-wheeler. Those who want all these performance attributes in a commuter motorcycle at a great price, nothing will beat the TVS Centra for all the advantages it offers. TVS Centra is built around to give a mileage that will offer atleast 10 per cent more than any other motorcycle in the country, today. It will be powered by 7.5 Brake Horse Power (Bhp) at 7250 RPM making it the most powerful motorcycle in its class. TVS Centra will also be known for its nimble handling and riding comfort enabling easy maneuvering even in busy city traffic. Its contemporary style with big muscular tank and well-rounded looks with a horizontal engine and superior ergonomics will mark a new standard in the popular segment of two wheelers. It will come with Econometer to keep a check on the mileage / power ratio, wide and skid free seat and Utility space. TVS Centra Features Advanced air cooled 4 stroke engine. 110 dia drum brake. Adjustable shockers. Attractive looks. Digitally controlled starting. Target Segment: Middle-class executives. Target Group: Youth in age group of 22-35 years. Positioning: SWOT Strength 1.Huge market   2.Excellent distribution through franchisees   3.Good mileage Weakness 1.  Limited market share compared to other leading brands Opportunity 1. Expansion in rural and tier-2 cities   2. Innovations in technology   3.More brand visibility. Threats 1. New entrants   2. Competitors   3. Low cost bikes

Environment and Race Essay -- Sociology Racism Prejudice Essays

For many years now, environmental protection and regulation has been a moving force within societies, especially the United States, and has captured much support from many different people. The environmental movement has taken a stance against environmental degradation, depletion of natural resources, destruction of precious habitats, and the harming of endangered and non-endangered species. Emphasis on environmental quality has undoubtedly turned society a little greenerà ¤ and has made oneà ¢s quality of life a little better. However, not all areas of society have reaped the benefits of the environmental movement, a fact that may have to do with those populations being a little brownerà ¤. Despite efforts made to raise environmental standards, many in society, particularly minorities and low-income residents who live in urban areas, find themselves inhabiting areas where environmental quality is either neglected or abused, and problems are prevalent. This is a problem of environmental injustice. The right to equal environmental quality should be extended to all members of society. Environmental justice is important because it ensures that all citizens, no matter their ethnicity, income level, or other defining characteristics, receive fair and equal environmental quality. More importantly, it potentially combats the issue of environmental conflict that could arise between opposing sides (those affected, as well as surrounding industries and the government). For example, the construction of additional hazardous waste facilities in a poor minority community would be a potential conflict. Environmental justice is a fairly new concept within the environmental arena (its or igins can be traced back to the early twentieth century. It is c... ...e is green. References Baar, E., Greenbaum, A., & Wellington, A. (1995). Social Conflict and Environmental Law: Ethics, Economics and Equity: Volume I. Toronto: Captus Press. Glickman, T. & Hersh, R. (1995). Evaluating Environmental Equity: The Impacts of Industrial Hazards on Selected Social Groups in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Washington, D. C.: Resources for the Future. Have, S. (1976). Environment and Equity: A Survey of Metropolitan Issues. Washington, D. C.: The Potomac Institute, Inc. Hersh, R. (1995). Race and Industrial Hazards: An Historical Geography of the Pittsburgh Region, 1900-1990. Washington, D. C.: Resources for the Future. Hurley, A. (1995). Environmental Inequalities. North Carolina: The University of North Carolina Press. Mandelker, D. (1981). Environment and Equity: A Regulatory Challenge. St. Louis: McGraw-Hill, Inc.

And the mountains echoed by khaled hossieni Essay

This line of the text conveys the central idea of the novel in which the idea of sacrifice has been beautifully portrayed. The author tries to draw our attention towards the agony and misery of the father and brother of Pari who send her away for her better future and also the better future of their family. The story that is told by Abdullah’s father holds a very big significance and is symbolic of the love and affection coupled with deep sense of separation and helplessness. Abdullah’s father makes him aware of the striking reality of their lives through the story and the central idea of the whole story finds its place here. Abdullah who shares a tight bond of love and affection with his sister sacrifices her belongingness for her better future and life of prosperity. Just like Baba Ayub in the story gets separated from his beloved son, Abdullah was also to part with his sister. The journey of Abdullah from Shadbagh to Kabul holds upon him a test; a test to make him strong enough to leave Pari at his Uncle’s place. The Div of the story signifies the difficulties that one has to face in one’s life and once these difficulties are surpassed, there exists satisfaction and peace in one’s mind believing that his loved ones are happy and enjoying their lives to the fullest. Parwana in the story once says â€Å"It had to be her. I am sorry, Abdullah. She had to be the one. † And soon after this the author doesn’t fails to mention â€Å"The finger cut, to save the hand. † Abdullah tries very hard to bring a smile on Pari’s face and feels pleased in even exchanging his shoes for the peacock feather for her sister’s collection. The story in the beginning of the chapter is symbolic of pain and suffering that one experiences, when he has to part with his beloved ones and also signifies that the need of basic amenities is fundamental to the existence of humans. If the much adored ones are to be separated from one self so as to ensure these fundamentals to them then the pain and suffering is nothing at their cost. Journeys depicted in the novel:- The novel involves a lot of journeys that are symbolic of time which passes on covering the darker and the lighter shades of one’s life. This is evident from a line of the story that Baba Ayub tells to both his children â€Å"He walked until the sun was a faint red glow in the distance. Nights he slept in caves as the winds whistled outside. Or else he slept beside rivers and beneath trees and among the cover of boulders. He ate his bread, and then he ate what he could find ¬- wild berries, mushrooms, fish that he caught with his bare hands from streams- and some days he didn’t eat at all. But still he walked† . This he says in context with the fact that one has to face a lot of hardships and difficulties to find his loved ones back and in the end everything is fine to Baba Ayub as he accomplishes his goals and finds his son safe and sound with the Div. Abdullah travels from Shadbagh to Kabul to drop his sister at his uncle’s place and this gives hint to the readers that someday, the time will bridge all the gaps between him and his sister and also the pain and misery will go away. Pari goes away with her ‘Mamman’ and travels a long distance to reach France but the memories of her father fade away gradually with time. Pari loves her brother very much and shares an inseparable bond with him but with the passage of time, she leaves him behind and feels it difficult to remember the lullaby that was sung by him. These journeys also signify the changes that take place in one’s life that makes the individual develop new relationships with people surrounding him and leaves the older ones. NILA: THE SYMBOL OF DYNAMISM Nila or Pari’s ‘Mamman’ is a symbol of dynamism. The author very clearly depicts a contrast between her and the other women of Afghanistan. On one hand he shows Parvana, who wore clothes that cover her body completely and then on the other hand he describes Nila who exposes her legs and hands. For the society Nila is not an ideal woman as her ways are carefree and she is confident and self centered. But the author never fails to point out that she was admired and loved by the Afghani people at the Wahadati’s house because of her poems that were about love, lust and passion. In Nabi’s words â€Å"Nila’s poems defied tradition. They followed no preset meter or rhythmic pattern. † Nabi used to be pleased to spend time with her and this, the author mentions in the line â€Å"I was happy enough to be the vessel into which she poured her stories. † Nila was such a charming lady that no one could remove their eyes from her and she was always talked about in public. This shows the development and change in the mindset of the people in Afghanistan. Desires Couples with Suffering: The story of Roshi depicts a clear example of desired coupled with suffering. At one point the character of Chacha Idris is brought about as a savior but the author never drifts away from the realities of life and explicitly explains how desires of Roshi later turn into suffering. The bond of love between them though is never shaken. The promise that he makes to her is out of the bond of love but when he moves to his own life, he couldn’t keep his promise as the situations of his personal life coil up around him. THE MOUNTAINS ECHOED:- They are symbolic of the give and take relationships prevalent in the present world. The echoing in the mountains signifies that whatever may any individual does or receives is an outcome of his deeds that he has already done in the past. The echoing mountains also signify the nature of love and hatred that is; the more you give the exponential you receive. The echo from the mountains also signifies the memories of man that are lost in the conditions of life and as the time passes they become fainter and fainter. THE MUD HOUSES:- These are symbolic of the hard work and toil of people in Afghanistan, who in order to earn their daily ‘Naan’ have to do a lot of work. In winters the mud houses are the only shelter to poor and in the summers they are the only medium of defense from the scorching sunrays. People at Shadbagh were very laborious and so was Abdullah’s father who once said to Mullah Shekib â€Å"If I had been born an animal, Mullah Sahib, I swear I would have come out a mule† . Abdullah’s father had taught him how to make bricks and they had made bricks for a mosque in other town. The author has very well brought the idea of presence of a web of right and wrong in which every individual is coiled. He has very aptly explained the fact that mere existence of humans is based on the society and this society is the one which recognizes the powerful people as their leaders and the poor as the ones who strive for their livelihood. The helpless have to do away with their loved ones and ensure their safety and this is the fault of the society that it overlooks such sufferings of the people. Why a father had to leave her daughter at her uncle’s house? This was because he knew that his daughter would be safe with those rich people who were respected by the society and had a position. But the author is concerned about the emotions of the children who are parted at a very young age, also he is concerned about the inner voice of the father who wants to find his child, also the affection of Roshi with Chacha Idris and Pari with her father and mother; and so the author gives a small Rumi poem at the starting of the novel: â€Å"Out beyond ideas of wrongdoing and rightdoing, there is a field. I’ll meet you there. † With this poem the author conveys the emotions of every individual of the society who sometime or the other wants to leave all the complexities of his life and reach the level where no situations of helplessness and sorrow would bind him and he would not have to make any sacrifices to live his life. The author through the stories of Parwana and Masooma brings about the idea of complexity and jealousy that come in the lives of two twin sisters who were treated differently by the society due to their behavior that the society has divided into good or bad. Parwana also wanted to share the pure feeling of love with her sister but could not do so because the society had created a rift between the two. Gholam and Adel who belonged to strikingly different backgrounds used to meet secretly because the friendship between the rich and poor or high status people with low status people was not recognized as good by the society and this poem by Rumi fits in here as well.

Free Essays on Reflectivity

Boyd defines reflection as â€Å" the process of internally examining and exploring issue of concern, triggered by an experience which creates and clarifies meaning and which results in a changed conceptual perspective†(Boyd & Fales, 1999,p.5). The aim of reflectivity in practice is to ultimately improve patient care. The model of structured reflection that will be used in this essay pinpoints key questions in the areas of aesthetics, personal, ethics, empirics, and reflexivity (Johns, 1995,p.226-234). Allowing a discussion on an experience chosen from my reflective journal that was completed over the time of practicum. The situation that impacted on me the most was the bed bathing of my client unsupervised for the first time. The client is sixty-three years old, she suffered from a severe diabetic coma, which left her totally immobile, and unable to communicate her needs. Having only ever observed bed bathing this situation made me feel very anxious. The reason for my anxiety was the inability of my client to communicate and the fact that I had had no practical experience with bed bathing. I felt inwardly insecure and feared the unknown; these were the key factors affecting my performance. I understood that I needed to deal with my thoughts in order to gain control of the situation. I did this by reassuring my client verbally as well as with firm physical handling(Beare&myers,1990), and in doing so I was able to reassure myself. The factors that influenced my behaviour were my previous experience with bed bathing which had only occurred in the clinical labs at school. I found that when nursing your classmates there are no limitations of body capability or communication such as the situation I experienced with my client. Through the lack of experience in this area the procedure that is seen to be simple turned out to be a bit of an ordeal for myself and in my understanding for the client as well, due to her inability to com... Free Essays on Reflectivity Free Essays on Reflectivity Boyd defines reflection as â€Å" the process of internally examining and exploring issue of concern, triggered by an experience which creates and clarifies meaning and which results in a changed conceptual perspective†(Boyd & Fales, 1999,p.5). The aim of reflectivity in practice is to ultimately improve patient care. The model of structured reflection that will be used in this essay pinpoints key questions in the areas of aesthetics, personal, ethics, empirics, and reflexivity (Johns, 1995,p.226-234). Allowing a discussion on an experience chosen from my reflective journal that was completed over the time of practicum. The situation that impacted on me the most was the bed bathing of my client unsupervised for the first time. The client is sixty-three years old, she suffered from a severe diabetic coma, which left her totally immobile, and unable to communicate her needs. Having only ever observed bed bathing this situation made me feel very anxious. The reason for my anxiety was the inability of my client to communicate and the fact that I had had no practical experience with bed bathing. I felt inwardly insecure and feared the unknown; these were the key factors affecting my performance. I understood that I needed to deal with my thoughts in order to gain control of the situation. I did this by reassuring my client verbally as well as with firm physical handling(Beare&myers,1990), and in doing so I was able to reassure myself. The factors that influenced my behaviour were my previous experience with bed bathing which had only occurred in the clinical labs at school. I found that when nursing your classmates there are no limitations of body capability or communication such as the situation I experienced with my client. Through the lack of experience in this area the procedure that is seen to be simple turned out to be a bit of an ordeal for myself and in my understanding for the client as well, due to her inability to com...

Global Warming Problems essays

Global Warming Problems essays Global warming is a very dangerous problem in our world today. Responsible, and potentially responsible, for new diseases, health problems, and land loss, this problem deserves more attention than it is currently receiving. Presently, scientists believe that human activities are responsible for most of the warming over the last 50 years, and the steep acceleration of warming throughout the past 20 years. Our actions have permanently altered the chemical arrangement of our atmosphere for the worst. By increasing greenhouse gases, mainly carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, we have helped to trap heat in the atmosphere, and raise the average temperature of the earth by 1?F in the last century. Higher temperatures on earth present many dangers to humans. Heat waves are the most obvious effect of Global Warming. Rising heat temperatures create hot spots or heat islands (Journey To Planet Earth), mostly in large urban areas. Heat waves are very dangerous, and potentially lethal to humans, especially those without air conditioning, Another danger that could result from global warming is the rapid spread and growth of diseases. Most bacteria that create deadly diseases thrive in warm weather. Malaria, Dengue Fever, Yellow Fever, and West Nile Virus, are among some diseases that would flourish in hotter weather. (Journey to Planet Earth). With earth being warmer, these infections could travel quicker, and more efficiently, being transmitted to more and more people. Climate change also promotes the growth of molds. This is because most fungi and molds commonly live in places with heat and humidity. Molds cause many problems for humans, such as respiratory problems, rashes, and other illnesses. Many natural disasters would also result from climate change. Tornadoes, Hurricanes, Floods, Typhoons, and Droughts are just some natural disasters that would be more common in a world with Global Warming. ...

What is wrong with the idea that human visual perception is achieved Essay

What is wrong with the idea that human visual perception is achieved by a single area of the brain that simply reflects the cisual information coming from the e - Essay Example the optic nerves which consist of about a million nerve fibers and contain axons arising from the inner, ganglion-cell layer of the retina (Guyton & Hall, 1996; Waxman, 2000). The arrangement at the optic chiasm allows the left hemisphere to receive visual information about the contralateral half of the visual world and vice-versa (Guyton & Hall, 1996; Waxman, 2000). Moreover, the fibers of each optic tract synapse in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and from here, the geniculocalcarine fibers pass by way of the optic radiation to the primary visual cortex in the calcarine area of the occipital lobe (Guyton & Hall, 1996). The most important cortical region for visual processing is Area V1 in the occipital lobe because it is the first stop in the cortex and almost all of the signals that the other cortical regions get must pass through it which is why Area V1 is often referred to as the primary visual cortex or striate cortex (Coren, Ward, & Enns, 1999). Hubel and Wiesel found cells in the cortex with receptive fields that have excitatory and inhibitory areas and are arranged side-by-side rather than in a center-surround configuration (Goldstein, 2007). Simple cortical cells are cells which have these side-by-side receptive fields mentioned previously and these cells respond best to bars of a particular orientation (Goldstein, 2007). Other kinds of cells in Area V1 are even tuned to more complicated pattern properties of the stimulus such as complex cortical cells which respond best to movement of a correctly oriented bar across the receptive field, and at an even more complicated level of analysis than the complex cells are hypercomplex or end-stopped cortical cells that respond not only to the orientation and direction of movement of the stimulus but also to the length, width, or other features of shapes, such as the presence of corners (Coren, Ward, & Enns, 1999; Goldstein, 2007). Simple, complex, and hypercomplex cells are refer red to as feature

The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications Essay

The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications - Essay Example This can be attributed to the fact that in the market, there are several products and services, which offer the same benefits to the consumer. In order for an organization to be successful, the name it offers must have a distinct meaning that pushes the consumer into buying it. Even the most successful brands in the market ought to receive rebranding because customer trends are always changing. In addition, a brand’s credibility is very important because it ensures that clients are happy when they are associated with a certain product or service. Contents The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications 1 Contents 3 1.The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications 4 2.Background 4 3.Discussion 7 4.Summary 9 5.Conclusion 9 6.References 11 1. The Power of Branding and Service in Business Communications A brand resembles a design, term, name, symbol, or any other feature that differentiates a certain product from the others in the market. Although brandi ng resulted from cattle, a lot has changed and it can be seen in products like Coca Cola from the Coca-Cola Company. It is worth noting that products are not sold but they are bought, which means that they ought to have distinct features that a customer would not fail to realize. Importance of branding is to ensure that clients are aware of the products that they are looking for in the market. Customers control communications and the processes of information gathering meaning that they cannot be avoided when branding. Since customers have a huge role to play in the marketing of products as opposed to the past, it means that they determine what brings value in the goods and services that they buy. Internet connections and the advances that have been made in the information technology sector, ensure that customers share information between themselves without the knowledge of the manufacturer. In addition, customers might act like an organization’s advocates if the services and goods they receive from that organization are up to standard. This implies that marketing is made easier when an organization focuses on serving customers’ interests. Marketing trends have been shifting over the years but customers need to be satisfied by their trusted companies. This implies that branding has a big role to play when it comes to satisfying customers (Tiwari, 2012). 2. Background Studies have shown that branding and marketing are very important aspects in any business that wishes to have a competitive edge in the market. This can be attributed to the fact that the world of business has become very competitive thanks to globalization and as a result, organizations have to make their brands known in the market at any given cost. When customers go to the market, they choose to buy or not to buy a certain product, which means that branding comes in handy. Customers are the key to the success of any given organization. A logo, a truckload of PowerPoint printouts, a nd a theme line are the most important aspects when it comes to marketing (Rossiter & Bellman, 2012). Getting the message across is very important when it comes to branding. This is because customers choose brands, which they are confident in. It means that a customer would be tempted to buy a product or service from a company that she or he is associated with. This cannot be achieved if customers do not want to be associated with a certain brand. Customers ought to understand the importance of a certain brand based on its

Art History (Art history from 1945 to the present) Research Paper

Art History (Art history from 1945 to the present) - Research Paper Example This is required to understand the comparison between the art forms and the artists. If we see the period of modern art it started taking form post the Second World War. Te war changed entire equations in every perspective world over. It was as good as a period of creation post destruction. Hence defying the set rules of art comes as the first logical step. Abstract expressionism evolved through this theory. An object is for everyone to see. What an artist perceives beyond the form is what makes viewing the object in a different light. Another view is to perceive the object through the art that is expressed. In such case keeping the art abstract comes in as natural Abstract expressionism hence does not recognize any form, any shape, any definite layout. It believes in the beauty of the material in its original form. This is a very vibrant concept. Recognizing that the material does not have a form is fine but to be able to see the beauty in its original form is another thing altogether. In Gutai art, Yoshihara clearly states that the material in its original form tries to communicate to us. When an artist transforms it, he imposes his thought process on the material. Hence the material loses its own beauty, value and nature. Gutai manifesto also states that the spirit of the material used and the human spirit connect to each other whenever they are in the original form. Now if we try and understand this concept, we realize that Yoshihara doesn’t want to go beyond the framework laid down by the nature. He sees beauty in its original form and hence these artists were able to see the beauty in the ruins and the destruction as well. They ha ve quoted that even the decay is beautiful in the nature. This is off course a very liberating thought and a different viewpoint of looking at the beauty that is surrounding us. Hence the texture, the grain, the originality of the material is in itself conveying something through its own coarse

Decoding the Dna of the Toyota Production System Essay Example for Free

Decoding the Dna of the Toyota Production System Essay Many manufacturing industries such as aerospace, consumer products, metals processing and industrial products had tried to adopt the TPS in their factories. But they have failed and get frustrated. The essence of the TPS could be in the system itself, the connections, activities and production flows. Also the great flexibility of their operations and this push the system to innovate and improve. The scientific method plays an important role inside the improvements and creation of any new methodology. Toyota uses a rigorous problem-solving process that integrates the sm. The system simulates workers ad managers to engage in the kind of experimentation that is widely recognized as the cornerstone of a learning organization. The four rules guide the design, operation and improvement of every activity, connections, and pathway for every product and service. The output of an ideal person, group of people, or machine is very specifically and clear. This kind of knowledge helps Toyota to reduce batches. The rules make workers capable and responsible for doing and improving their own work, by standardizing connections between individual customers and suppliers. The flow problem must be push to the lowest possible level of the organization. What did you learn? The first factor I learned is that we can’t copy o try to implement any system, no matter how success is it; we have to know the essence of the methodology and then try to apply it to another industry sector. In other case, we could fail as the article mention. The second factor I learned was the concept of the four rules that could have the essence of the success of the TPS system. These rules complement the entire philosophy of kanban, poka yoke, wastes, TPS house, etc. The problem is that many observers (managers, workers, teachers†¦) may forget to study the rules. The third and last important concept was the implementation of the scientific method in order to design new improvements that push the company to a higher level of quality, innovation and profit. It is the first time that I heard about a real application (outside a laboratory) of the scientific method. How can you apply them into your professional career? As I have told in other articles, the TPS is part of any Industrial Engineer but more in those who will specialize or work on the manufacturing industry. Also, the article mentions that today many industries want to try this methodology in order to success. So it’s important to understand the four rules or the whole Toyota system to make an improvement on our workstations, any working area or entire industry. It will depend in the position or level of organization we are. Conclusions  The Toyota’s system success is based on the way of managing, how rules are followed and implemented, the specified and rigid methodology, the connection between the levels of the organization, and of course the high variety of tools and techniques that TPS has. But what makes this system effective is the four rules that other companies hadn’t did at all. These rules make the production system more flexible with a high variety of products at low cost. The great benefit of nested, modular organizations is that people can implement design changes in one part without unduly affecting other parts.

India and Pakistan- Conflict over Kashmir Essay -- International Confli

Introduction In late 1947, the newly created states of India and Pakistan went to war over the valley of Kashmir. A United Nations brokered ceasefire divided the state into Indian and Pakistani controlled territories, and resolved that a referendum would be held in which the people of Kashmir would be able to choose to join either country. The referendum has not been held to this day. India granted its portion of Kashmir a special status within its constitution, allowing for a great degree of self-autonomy. However, successive Kashmiri governments have been dissolved by the government of India, and elections have only been held in the presence of its armed forces. In 1965, Pakistan and India waged a second indecisive war over Kashmir. In the 1980s, resistance within Kashmir itself against the Indian government took on a violent nature, with guerilla attacks against Indian army bases. India responded with heavy army clampdowns, and since then the situation has only escalated and get worse. It is e stimated that well over 34,000 people have died within the valley, and the relations between the two countries have become increasingly acrimonious. India blames Pakistan for the militant uprising, claiming Islamabad is supporting cross border terrorism. Pakistan responds that it merely provides diplomatic and moral support arguing, furthermore, that India’s history of human rights abuses in the valley is to blame. With both countries now in possession of nuclear arms; the recent war in KARGIL and the increasing number of civilian deaths, refugees, and other human rights issues within Kashmir, the conflict seems to be taking on a more serious nature. In this paper I will discuss the Kashmir conflict in some depth, examining the problem in... ...there is poverty. Kashmir is the finest place to start, and not merely because it is the core of the Indo-Pakistan conflict. Our histories, cultures and religions have converged in Kashmir. Our rivers begin there, mountains meet there, and our dreams rest there.† Works Cited "The Hindu : A View from Pakistan: Resolving Kashmir Now." The Hindu. Eqbal Ahmad, Nov. 1996. Web. 16 Nov. 2011. . "BBC News | SOUTH ASIA | Protest against Kashmir 'disappearances'" BBC News - Home. 10 Mar. 2000. Web. 16 Nov. 2011. . Kashmir - A Way Forward. Web. 16 Nov. 2011. . "Indian Predicament In Kashmir | Pakistan Daily." Pakistan News | Pakistan Daily. 26 Aug. 2009. Web. 16 Nov. 2011. .

Scene 5 Act 5 Commentary

Macbeth:She should have died hereafter; There would have been a time for such a word. Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow Creeps in the petty pace from day to day To the last syllable of recorded time; And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Out, out brief candle, Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more. It is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury Signifying nothing. 5. 5 17-28) Act 5, Scene 5 Commentary In act 5, scene 5 of Macbeth, William Shakespeare uses metaphors, diction, mood and tone to emphasize the concept that life is meaningless, in order to suggest the theme of ambition without moral constraints. Upon hearing of his wife’s death, Macbeth reflects on how pointless his own life has become. Shakespeare uses tone to declare Macbeth’s feelings toward life. Throughout this passage, the tone is very bitter and cold. â€Å"It is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing. (5. 5 26-28) After hearing a women’s cry, Macbeth realises his own mortality, and he speaks scornfully. While reflecting on how meaningless his life has become, an angry mood is established. Once realising his life is full of noise and melodrama, he sees that he really failed and his life does not signify anything. He quickly becomes enraged at how his life has turned out. Shakespeare has a very specific diction, and in this particular passage, he chooses to use repetition. â€Å"Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow† (5. 18) BY repeating ‘tomorrow’ over and over, the boredom of life in general is stressed by dragging the word out. He also chooses to use â€Å"petty pace† (5. 5 19) and â€Å"dusty death† (5. 5 22), forming alliterations. The use of similar sounds put emphasis on the fact that the days are just dragging on dreadfully, which only lead to death. All through Macbeth’s solil oquy, Shakespeare incorporates various metaphors, one of which compares life to a bad actor who wanders and worries on stage. â€Å"Life’s but a walking shadow, a oor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage, and then is heard no more. † (5. 5 23 -25) Macbeth believes that life is just an illusion, and once you are done wandering around, you just disappear and leave nothing important behind. He also compares life to a candle. â€Å"Out, out brief candle. † (5. 5 22) The brief candle is one that is dimly lit – that no one wants – and burns out quickly. The candle symbolizes how short and dull life is. By adding â€Å"Out, out† (5. 5 22) Macbeth shows how he wants the candle to burn out.He is contemplating suicide and does not want to live anymore because he is ashamed of his life. This entire passage is centred on the concept that life is insignificant, which exemplifies the theme of ambition without moral constraints. Due to Macb eth’s ambitions, he is in too deep to turn around. It is far too difficult to turn around and stop killing, so his choice is to just keep going. Up until this time, Macbeth had expected to win the battle between him, Malcolm and Macduff. He thought winning this war would finally bring him happiness again.Once Lady Macbeth died he realised that is not the case. His actions went unchecked by any morals, which just led to the destruction of his life. Lady Macbeth killed herself because she could handle the guilt anymore, and now that his wife is gone, he sees the damage and realises that he failed at making his life noteworthy. The theme of ambition without moral constraints is shown through Macbeths realization that life is futile, that is presented by Shakespeare’s use of metaphors, diction, mood and tone.

Brothers Grimms

German folk literature undoubtedly is of the nationalistic nature, but not in the negative sense that most people usually associate it with. The Brothers Grimms folk tales have been thought of to have greatly influenced the German nationalistic attitude of which was pertinently shown in the twentieth century. Jakob Ludwig Karl Grimm (1785–1863) and Wilhelm Karl Grimm (1786–1859) are German philologists and avid collector of folk tales. They are the brothers who were made famous by the hundreds of children stories they wrote. Their book contains a collection of what probably are still the most famous children’s stories.The Brothers Grimms started taking an interest in fairy tales in 1803. Since then, both began writing down the tales that have been handed down from generation to generation. Most of these were not German, but are in fact of French origin. The Brothers Grimms went to a large extent to modify these stories and add a German touch to each of them. Ther e were a lot of myths regarding how these stories were collected. Only until a few years back had it been known that these stories were collected from the bourgeoisie, instead of what was believed to be from uneducated German peasants.The results of these extensive studies on folklore lead to the publication of their book Kinder- und Hausmarchen (English: Children's and Household Tales) contain the most beloved folktales in the work today. They have been translated to numerous languages – evidence that indeed these stories have interest the world. The first volume of the first edition of the Brothers Grimms collection of Folk tales was published in 1812, which contained 86 stories. The second volume followed in 1814 and contained 70 tales. Much were added and subtracted from the original set of stories in the succeeding editions of the collection.By the seventh edition, the Grimms’ Fairy Tales totalled 211 tales. Among the most popular of these 211 tales are The Little Red Riding Hood, Cinderella, Snow White, Hansel and Gretel, Sleeping Beauty and Rumpelstiltskin. It would be impossible to fully analyze each one of these stories as there are so many of them. Contrary to what the names suggest, these folktales are not so much about elves and fairies but more on foolish younger brothers, beautiful ladies, vain queens, mighty kings, wicked stepmothers, and anthropomorphized frogs and mice.Trickster figures are also rampant in Grimms’ stories, and most often than not, the heroes must trick these tricksters in order to fulfil their fortunes. The first edition of the Brothers Grimms stories received several criticisms. The book was entitled Children’s and Household Tales. However, critics feel that these stories are not suitable for children. The stories contain in-depth scholastic information that was regarded to be too heavy for children. They also had references to such subject matter such as sex and violence.The Brothers Grimms resolv ed to change some details of their fairy tales to fit suitability for children. Snow White and Hansel and Gretel used to have wicked mothers in the first edition. In the subsequent editions of the story, it was changed to wicked stepmothers. They also removed proofs of Rapunzel’s betrayal to the prince. She was not made pregnant in the later editions. Also, since these stories were not originally German, a lot of terms had to be changed. A fairy is an enchantress. A prince is a king’s son, while a princess should be a king’s daughter.Considerable attempts were also made to reconstruct the stories and make it more German. Many of the stories in Grimms’ fairy tales are considered to be coming-of-age stories. Young boys must prove their worth against the strong forces of nature or their domineering siblings. Young girls must leave their parents behind and learn to live with their husbands. The stories show how a lady or a gentleman should behave, with emphas is on decorum, responsibility and respect for superiors. The stories invoke obedience as reverence and love for the king. Great honor and glory is attributed with serving in the military.Loyalty also played a major part in the plot of the stories, which stress that anything beside a nationalistic spirit is unacceptable. Class separation is also very prominent in the stories. Generally, heroes are of low social status who turned out to be part of the royal family in the end. Heroes are depicted as gentle and compassionate to old women, poor peasants, and even to wounded animals. They are always rewarded with some treasure such as gold and silver, or are provided with a beautiful bride. On the other hand, a foolish character often finds himself a victim of some magic spell.The Brothers Grimms could not have stressed in their Fairy Tales the importance of the above mentioned values. With the over two hundred fairy tales in their collection, these values repeat themselves in all stories . Regardless if that story is about romantic love, filial love, adventure or heroism. These are the values which constantly show in each of the tales. Obviously, the brothers would want their readers to familiarize and apply these onto their daily lives. It is evident in the fairytales that the Grimms would want to teach about good values such as sympathy, kindness, loyalty and bravery.They want to educate by illustrating that heroes are richly rewarded while the villains are severely punished. The stories allow them to impart the values that are necessary for a nation to survive. The Germany we now know is different from what Germany was before 1800. It was only a group of people united together by one language, nothing more. With the publication of Grimms’ fairy tales, they combined fairytales that depicted real German culture and unified Germany. In fact, they have done their jobs perfectly well as Germans have a strong sense of nationalism.The Brothers Grimms, through the ir fairy tales are strong advocates of nationalism in Germany. However, what sets the Grimms’ fairy tales apart from the rest are the violence involved, especially in punishing the wicked. They contain more violence compared to other folk tales. This probably is the reason why the first edition received so much criticism on the stories as being children’s stories. The Brothers Grimms did not intend their stories solely for the children, however. As philologists, they sincerely hoped that their works can be used as resources in the studies of not only German literature but of German history, as well.Needless to say, the Brothers Grimms are granted as their collection of fairy tales have indeed made it to the cultural archives of German philology and are being used by scholars worldwide in understanding the German culture and language better. The Brothers Grimms were not only writers but are also active nationalists. They lived in an era when Germany was still a colony o f the French, and literature proved to be an outlet for them to do their share to preserve the German heritage. They wrote about princes and princesses, of magic and witches.But more than just being bedtime stories, these stories stirred the nationalistic character of their readers. They fought using their stories the promotion of a nationalistic Germany. The stories manage to bring back to life a time when knights were bold and the ladies were fair, when good always triumphed over evil, and when bravery and virtuosity were held in the highest esteem. Under Napoleon’s French rule, the Brothers Grimms strived to preserve what was German. That age was the age of Enlightenment. It was an age where traditional things are done in unconventional ways.France was probably the strongest advocate of the idealogies of Enlightenment at that time. Its ideals launched the infamous French Revolution which affected the whole of Europe. And France brought these Enlightenment ideas with them t o Germany. The brothers were two of those who encouraged their fellow Germans to reject the French ideologies, and instead take pride of their own culture. Through what may probably be thought of as cute bedtime stories nowadays, the brothers rallied to their people an intellectual backlash against the Germans which culminated the War of Liberation unifying the whole of Germany against Bismarck’s rule.This intellectual backlash further presented itself in other areas such as philosophy, science and politics. Other intellectuals resolved to reject the Enlightenment, and instead looked deeper into their culture for inspiration. This movement known as Romanticism spread far beyond Germany. And undoubtedly, our Brothers Grimms made a huge contribution to that development process. People started looking within themselves the attitude and abilities demonstrated in Brothers Grimms characters. People started to place much importance into their own cultural heritage.They were made awa re how important it is for a country to preserve its culture so it can also survive. In a way, whenever Grimms’ heroes fight the wicked spirits, the brothers are also fighting the French colonizers. In an impressive way they participated in motivating the rest of the German people to stand up and fight Napoleon’s rule. It was easy for the French to colonize a Germany that was not unified. Germany at that time don’t recognize themselves as one country. They do not have that sense of pride to be Germans.More so, they don’t as so much care regarding their cultural wealth. The Brothers Grimms changed that. The Brothers Grimms united the German people with the use of their popular collection of folklores. With the publication of the Grimms’ Fairy Tales, Germany now has something they can be proud of, something that was exclusively shared by the Germans. All a country needs to unite as one is to have something in common, and that’s what the Brothe rs Grimms provided. The brothers detailed in their folklores the ideals valued by each German.When the Germans read about these entertaining stories, they were not only entertained but their German pride has been strengthened and their nationalistic character has been awakened. The fairy tales hide in themselves the secret to overcoming the French dominion on Germany. The past was recaptured in entertaining stories of love and adventures. The brothers discovered that Germany had a charming and magical past. This belief helped keep up their enthusiasm to further write their folklores which eventually have affected and influenced the rest of Germany to instil nationalism into their hearts and minds.And the brother could not have chosen a better audience – German children. The children who were brought up with Grimms’ Fairy Tales grew to have a great sense of nationalism within them. The Grimms managed to incorporate into the child’s minds what is expected of him a s part of the Germany. Like the characters of the fairy tales he used to read, this child grew up to be virtuous, responsible, loyal and a great deal of nationalist pride. With all those characteristics, what more can a country need from its countrymen? The Grimm’s Fairy Tales have widespread influence. W. H.Austen regarded it as one of the founders of Western Literature. The Nazis patronizes it, especially among the children as it teaches them to be racist, especially in choosing their marriage partners. With this, the Allied Forces banned the stories as it promoted racial instincts. These tales were also referenced by Holocaust writers, i. e. Jane Yolen in her memoirs Briar Rose. It is simply amazing how a collection of children’s stories can have so much influence, not only in the authors’ hometown but to the rest of the world. Even up to this date, reading a Grimms’ Fairy Tale can still stir up the one’s patriotic side.One can’t help but sympathize with the major character’s plot to fight and defend what is rightfully his. The Brothers Grimms would have been proud to see how their works have affected so much. Nobody can contest the fact how much these cute stories have helped awaken the nationalistic Germans. We are fully aware that Germany is one country who really prided and regarded itself highly. The Brothers Grimms have indeed revolutionized Folk Literature. Folk stories do not only serve as bedtime stories for children but are also believed to inspire nationalists.Indeed, even a country’s fairy tales are reflective of that country’s ideologies. Brothers Grimms have found a most effective way of promoting the nationalistic attitude. They used entertaining fairy tales – subtle but sink deep in the youngest of hearts. References A. S. Byatt, â€Å"Introduction† p. xxx, Maria Tatar, ed. The Annotated Brothers Grimm. Haase, Donald, ed. 1993. The Reception of Grimms' Fairy Tales: Responses, Reactions, Revisions. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press. McGlathery, James, et al. 1988. The Brothers Grimm and Folktale.Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press. Peppard, Murray. 1971. Paths Through the Forest: A Biography of the Brothers Grimm. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Tatar, Maria. 1987. The Hard Facts of Grimms' Fairy Tales. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Tatar, Maria. 2004. The Annotated Brothers Grimm, W. W. Norton & Co. Ward, Donald. â€Å"New Misconceptions about Old Folktales† p 98 James M. McGlathery, ed. , The Brothers Grimm and Folktale. Zipes, Jack. 2002. The Brothers Grimm: From Enchanted Forests to the Modern World, Palgrave MacMillan.